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cover of episode The Real Reason Why You Have Allergies

The Real Reason Why You Have Allergies

2024/12/12
logo of podcast Kurzgesagt – In a Nutshell

Kurzgesagt – In a Nutshell

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Kurzgesagt: 本视频探讨了过敏症的进化起源。我们认为,过敏反应可能是人体免疫系统在与寄生虫长期斗争中进化出的防御机制,而现代卫生条件的改善导致寄生虫感染减少,使得这一机制失去了其主要作用,反而开始攻击无害物质,从而引发过敏反应。 数百万年来,我们的祖先一直与寄生虫共存。寄生虫会释放化学物质来削弱人体免疫系统,因此,人体进化出了更强的免疫反应来对抗寄生虫。这种反应包括产生IgE抗体,激活肥大细胞释放组胺等化学物质,引发炎症反应,最终清除寄生虫。 然而,在现代社会,由于卫生条件的改善,寄生虫感染大大减少。但人体免疫系统仍然保持高度攻击性,当它遇到无害物质(如花粉、食物等)时,仍然会启动同样的防御机制,从而引发过敏反应。这就好比在卧室发现蜘蛛后引爆核弹,虽然消灭了蜘蛛,但也造成了巨大的附带伤害。 过敏反应的症状多种多样,包括皮肤肿胀、发红、瘙痒、腹泻、呕吐、呼吸困难等。严重的过敏反应甚至可能导致过敏性休克,危及生命。 目前,我们对过敏症的发生机制仍未完全了解,除了寄生虫减少外,肠道菌群多样性降低和污染增加也可能与过敏症的增加有关。但可以肯定的是,过敏症与人体免疫系统对寄生虫的过度反应有关。

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This video was sponsored by GiveWell.  First-time donors will have their donation matched up to $100 at https://www.givewell.org/Kurzgesagt

Your support makes everything possible ❤️ It’s not too late to order your limited edition 12,025 Human Era Calendar here: https://shop.kgs.link/12025Cal

Sources & further reading: https://sites.google.com/view/sources-allergies-and-worms/

Allergies are more than just overreactions – they might be an evolutionary relic from a time when worms invaded our bodies daily.

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CHAPTERS ▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀ 0:00 Give Well Sponsorship Part 01 0:30 Video Start 1:25 This is Very Upsetting – And Interesting 5:34 What Is an Allergy? 10:15 Give Well Sponsorship Part 02 11:10 A Special Piece of kurzgesagt 14:29 Happy Holidays