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cover of episode Engineering the Future of Fusion

Engineering the Future of Fusion

2025/6/26
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What's Your Problem?

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Greg Peiffer
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Greg Peiffer: 我从小就对聚变技术着迷,并受到《星际迷航》等科幻作品的道德观影响。我认为聚变如果能商业化,将是人类文明的巨大飞跃,堪比人类掌握火。廉价的聚变能源能帮助我们解决许多现在无法解决的问题,例如大规模海水淡化、矿产提取、太空殖民,甚至星际旅行。我在大学里上了一门课,两位导师让我对聚变产生了浓厚的兴趣,他们认为从太空获取聚变燃料是一种关键的资源回收方式。聚变燃料燃烧后不会产生核废料,这让我对聚变技术充满热情。但我参与的是一个工程项目,目标是设计可行的聚变反应堆。即使物理问题解决了,以低成本商业化聚变能源仍然面临巨大挑战,因为聚变反应堆需要使用最先进的材料,并将它们置于极其恶劣的环境中,导致成本高昂且寿命短。在一次聚会上,我萌生了一个关于小型聚变装置的商业想法,我们之前的研究表明,在加速原子核的同时进行碰撞效率很低,应该在不同的地方进行加速和碰撞。通过快速建模,我发现这种方法理论上可以大大提高聚变速率,因此我决定成立一家公司来实现这个想法。即使解决了物理问题,聚变能源的商业化仍然面临技术经济挑战,所以我开始思考聚变技术在哪些领域能获得比能源更高的回报。我受到两个经历的启发:一是我的导师曾列举了许多聚变在非电力领域的应用,二是之前创业的经历让我认识到,从小众市场入手,逐步改进技术是可行的。这些应用包括制造医用同位素、探测隐藏物质或违禁品、探测核武器等,这些都是有明确市场和供应链问题的现有产品。通过不断实践,我们能够提高数据恢复的效率和处理能力。如果我们能找到一个经济上可行的聚变应用,就可以通过实践不断改进技术,并推动整个生态系统的发展。半导体和特斯拉等高科技产业都遵循类似的路线图,通过不断推出产品来改进技术并降低成本。我想将这种模式应用于聚变技术,先从小众市场入手,逐步发展。直接进入能源领域很有吸引力,但许多人可能没有认真思考工程挑战。即使物理可行,以合理的成本建造聚变反应堆仍然非常困难。我希望看到任何人在聚变领域取得成功,我们很乐意与最终胜出的技术合作。我们将继续调整我们的战略,并投资于看起来很棒的东西,以便我们能够快速前进。

Deep Dive

Chapters
This chapter explores the reasons behind the pursuit of fusion energy, highlighting its potential to revolutionize humanity and solve global challenges. The speaker discusses the transformative impact of fusion, comparing it to the discovery of fire.
  • Fusion represents a significant advancement for humanity.
  • Cheap energy from fusion could solve problems like water desalination and space colonization.
  • The speaker is motivated by a desire for a better future for his daughter.

Shownotes Transcript

Getting energy from nuclear fusion has been a dream for decades; it would be cheap, abundant, and safer than today’s nuclear fission reactors. Billions of dollars have flowed into fusion startups in recent years, but reliable, economic fusion power may still be decades away.

Greg Piefer) is the co-founder of a fusion company called Shine), where he’s pursuing a different path. Rather than go straight to fusion as a source of energy, he’s using fusion to pursue more profitable markets right now – with the hope that what he learns today will eventually help lead to cheap, abundant fusion energy.

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