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cover of episode These 'beautiful' banks are expected to save climate finance: Moving Money

These 'beautiful' banks are expected to save climate finance: Moving Money

2025/4/17
logo of podcast Zero: The Climate Race

Zero: The Climate Race
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Akshat Rati
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Avinash Persaud
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Akshat Rati: 当前全球气候融资面临严峻挑战，富裕国家纷纷削减对发展中国家的援助承诺，这使得此前达成的气候融资目标难以实现。发展中国家迫切需要巨额资金用于清洁能源转型和气候适应性基础设施建设，资金来源成为关键问题。多边开发银行(MDBs)在其中扮演着重要角色，但其资金规模相对有限，需要进一步扩大。 Akshat Rati: 多边开发银行的运作模式、面临的挑战以及未来发展方向是本期节目的核心议题。 Akshat Rati: 多边开发银行在气候融资中面临诸多批评，例如，为了保持AAA评级，其贷款较为保守，审批流程较长；信息披露不足，阻碍了私人部门的参与；其政策有时被认为是发达国家的议程，干预发展中国家的内政。 Akshat Rati: 如果美国等主要股东减少对多边开发银行的贡献，将对气候融资产生重大风险。 Avinash Persaud: 多边开发银行作为全球金融体系核心中的AAA级机构，具有独特优势，其少量资本可以撬动大量贷款，这主要得益于其AAA评级和风险承担能力。但目前多边开发银行的贷款规模相对较小，需要至少扩大三倍，其中气候融资应占很大比例。 为了扩大贷款规模，多边开发银行可以采取多种措施，例如调整资本充足率框架、利用组合担保等方式提高贷款效率；与私人部门合作，通过混合贷款方式增加减缓气候变化项目的融资规模；积极推动债务换自然协议，帮助发展中国家降低债务负担，并促进气候和自然保护。 Avinash Persaud: 多边开发银行的AAA评级有助于其保持杠杆效应，但同时也使其在贷款审批上较为谨慎。为了提高效率，多边开发银行需要增加项目可行性研究的投入，解决项目准备不足的问题。 Avinash Persaud: 虽然多边开发银行面临诸多批评，但其在气候融资中仍扮演着重要角色，其广泛的股东结构使其能够更好地应对气候变化这一全球性问题。未来多边开发银行的股权比例应与资金投入相匹配，以更好地反映各国的经济实力。

Deep Dive

Chapters
This chapter introduces Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs) and their unique structure. It highlights their potential for leveraging capital and their surprisingly diverse ownership, while also acknowledging their relatively small scale compared to private lending.
  • MDBs are AAA-rated, not-for-profit institutions.
  • A dollar of capital invested in an MDB can yield $8 in lending.
  • MDBs have a surprisingly diverse ownership structure, including significant shares held by China and India.

Shownotes Transcript

Developing countries require trillions of dollars a year to transition to clean energy and build climate-resilient infrastructure. So where will the money come from? Avinash Persaud, special advisor on climate risks to the president of the Inter-American Development Bank, joins Zero to make the case for giving more money to Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs), which already funnel hundreds of billions of dollars a year to poorer countries around the globe, much of which goes to climate projects. His pitch is now harder than ever to make as the US slashes international climate finance and European countries reduce their overseas aid budgets to support defense spending. 

Past episodes of Moving Money:

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COP29: Exxon CEO Darren Woods Interview Transcript From UN Climate Summit) Unlocking Climate Trillions With a Global Plan From a Sinking Island - Bloomberg)  Debt-for-Nature Swaps Gain Traction Among Developing Countries - Bloomberg)

Zero is a production of Bloomberg Green. Our producer is Oscar Boyd. Special thanks to: Mythili Rao, Sommer Saadi, Mohsis Andam, Blake Maples and Siobhan Wagner. Thoughts or suggestions? Email us at [email protected]. For more coverage of climate change and solutions, visit https://www.bloomberg.com/green).

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