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cover of episode The Man Who Predicted the Downfall of Thinking

The Man Who Predicted the Downfall of Thinking

2025/3/6
logo of podcast Your Undivided Attention

Your Undivided Attention

AI Deep Dive Transcript
People
L
Lance Strate
S
Sean Illing
T
Tristan
Topics
Tristan: 本期节目探讨了已故媒体理论家尼尔·波斯特曼的思想,他预言了技术对我们社会的影响,特别是注意力碎片化、消极文化和民主的衰落。他认为,技术不仅是工具,更是塑造文化和社会的力量。 Sean Illing: 我曾经相信科技只有好处,但波斯特曼的作品让我意识到科技的负面影响,特别是社交媒体带来的注意力碎片化和消极文化。 Lance Strate: 理解媒体生态学视角改变了我对政治的理解,让我意识到媒体技术变革会带来新的修辞形式、习惯和思维方式,从而对社会和既有秩序造成破坏。波斯特曼的著作让我意识到媒体不仅仅是工具,更是塑造文化的力量。 Neil Postman: 提出了评估新技术的七个核心问题:该技术声称解决什么问题?这是谁的问题?解决旧问题会产生什么新问题?哪些人和机构将受到最大伤害?正在推广什么样的语言变化?可能导致哪些经济和政治力量的转变? Sean Illing: 波斯特曼的《我们消遣自己的死法》批判了电视,认为电视将美国文化从印刷文化转变为电视文化,对公共话语、参与、民主和教育造成了负面影响。电视时代注重娱乐,而互联网和社交媒体时代则更注重注意力。在电视时代,政治家需要有吸引力和讨人喜欢,而在互联网和社交媒体时代,他们需要能够吸引和保持注意力,这导致了对奇观、煽动和表演性愤怒或美德的依赖。 Lance Strate: 现代民主制度是在印刷媒体环境下形成的,而电视正在逆转其许多特征。电报和摄影技术加速了信息传播速度,并使图像和个性成为主要的沟通方式,这导致了对名人和表象的关注超过了对实质内容的关注。 Tristan: 信息过载是一个新问题,它产生于解决信息匮乏问题之后。我们需要区分信息和知识,知识主要来自书籍,而信息则来自电子媒体,它可能并非总是真实或虚假的。我们需要关注技术对语言的影响,因为语言的变化会改变我们的思维方式。 Lance Strate: 波斯特曼的《技术专制》探讨了文化对技术的屈服,认为技术创新被视为目的本身,而非手段。效率成为唯一的价值,这使得我们很难拒绝新的技术创新。我们需要重新引入“应该”(ought)的概念,在评估技术时,不仅要考虑“能否”(can),还要考虑“应该”(ought)。 Sean Illing: 互联网的爆炸式发展带来了许多好处,但也导致了信息环境的完全解构,以及对权威和信任的破坏。我们需要将基于参与的商业模式与互联网本身区分开来,并探索设计不同的互联网协议和网络,以奖励那些能够丰富和提升人类本性的媒体。 Tristan: 我们需要评估每种媒体的适当用途和不当用途,并有意识地设计社会结构、社会规范和文化,以奖励适当用途并惩罚不当用途。我们需要一个能够批判性地看待技术的社会,在采用新技术之前,要先问波斯特曼提出的七个问题。发明者和公众都应该对技术进行批判性思考,并对技术发展方向进行有意识的选择。

Deep Dive

Shownotes Transcript

Few thinkers were as prescient about the role technology would play in our society as the late, great Neil Postman. Forty years ago, Postman warned about all the ways modern communication technology was fragmenting our attention, overwhelming us into apathy, and creating a society obsessed with image and entertainment. He warned that “we are a people on the verge of amusing ourselves to death.” Though he was writing mostly about TV, Postman’s insights feel eerily prophetic in our age of smartphones, social media, and AI. 

In this episode, Tristan explores Postman's thinking with Sean Illing, host of Vox's The Gray Area podcast, and Professor Lance Strate, Postman's former student. They unpack how our media environments fundamentally reshape how we think, relate, and participate in democracy - from the attention-fragmenting effects of social media to the looming transformations promised by AI. This conversation offers essential tools that can help us navigate these challenges while preserving what makes us human.

Your Undivided Attention is produced by the Center for Humane Technology). Follow us on X: @HumaneTech_)

RECOMMENDED MEDIA

“Amusing Ourselves to Death” by Neil Postman )

”Technopoly” by Neil Postman )

A lecture from Postman where he outlines his seven questions for any new technology. )

Sean’s podcast “The Gray Area” from Vox )

Sean’s interview with Chris Hayes on “The Gray Area” )"Amazing Ourselves to Death," by Professor Strate)Further listening on Professor Strate's analysis of Postman. )

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This Moment in AI: How We Got Here and Where We’re Going)

Decoding Our DNA: How AI Supercharges Medical Breakthroughs and Biological Threats with Kevin Esvelt)Future-proofing Democracy In the Age of AI with Audrey Tang)CORRECTION:  Each debate between Lincoln and Douglas was 3 hours, not 6 and they took place in 1859, not 1862.