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cover of episode How does going into space impact the human body?

How does going into space impact the human body?

2025/4/29
logo of podcast What in the World

What in the World
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C
Caroline Steele
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Peggy Whitson
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Butch Wilmore 和 Sunny Williams: 我们原计划的太空任务是八天，但由于太空舱出现技术问题，最终在国际空间站停留了九个月。这让我们有机会深入了解长时间太空旅行对人体的影响。 Caroline Steele: 太空环境与地球有显著差异，包括失重、缺乏大气层和地磁场的保护。失重会导致骨质疏松和肌肉萎缩，尤其影响颈部和背部肌肉。体液会在头部聚集，导致面部浮肿和视力损伤。太空辐射会增加患癌症的风险，并可能造成基因突变。内耳平衡系统受影响，导致宇航员出现类似晕动症的症状。 Peggy Whitson: 为了对抗骨质流失，我们在国际空间站进行阻力训练，每天大约45分钟到1小时。 Caroline Steele: 宇航员在国际空间站进行各种训练，包括阻力训练和跑步机上的跑步，每天大约两小时。国际空间站采用铝层等措施来屏蔽辐射。宇航员在舱外活动时会根据太阳活动情况选择时间，并穿着防护服。为了减少视力损伤，宇航员会使用真空裤来防止体液在头部聚集。NASA进行研究，例如对Scott和Mark Kelly这对双胞胎的研究，以更好地了解太空旅行对人体的影响。宇航员返回地球后，需要一段时间才能恢复，部分损伤可能是永久性的。 Hannah Gelbart: 本期节目讨论了太空旅行对人体的影响，包括骨骼、肌肉、视力和辐射等方面。

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Nasa astronauts Butch Wilmore and Suni Williams recently returned to Earth after a longer-than-expected nine months on the International Space Station (ISS). And when the astronauts emerged from their space craft they were helped on to a stretcher, which is standard practice after spending so long in a weightless environment.

The BBC’s Caroline Steel has been looking into how going into space impacts the body. She talks us through how muscles, bones and even vision are affected, and how astronauts can limit any long-term damage. Peggy Whitson holds the world record for the woman who has spent most time in space - 675 days. She explains the challenges of lifting weights while in zero gravity.

Instagram: @bbcwhatintheworld Email: [email protected] WhatsApp: +44 0330 12 33 22 6 Presenter: Hannah Gelbart Producers: Mora Morrison and Emilia Jansson Video Journalist: Baldeep Chahal and Kesewaa Browne Editor: Verity Wilde