cover of episode The Military-Industrial Battle Between the U.S. and China

The Military-Industrial Battle Between the U.S. and China

2025/6/1
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John Emond: 我认为中国在现代战争中的竞争能力非常强,尤其是在无人机和造船等领域。中国的无人机物美价廉,非常适合长期消耗战。中国是世界上最大的造船国,不仅建造民用船只,也建造军用船只。自2000年以来,中国建造的驱逐舰比美国还多,并且垂直火力发射单元的数量也在迅速增长。中国的目标是实现自给自足,以应对潜在的封锁或其他国家的背弃。中国在本土技术和关键矿产材料方面取得了很大进展,即使面临巨大压力也能继续生产。尽管中国在半导体和某些矿产方面仍依赖进口,但即使与贸易伙伴断绝关系,也有理由相信它仍能以非凡的速度生产军事装备。中国在电动汽车、造船、机器人和先进医药等关键技术领域遥遥领先,但也面临通货紧缩和青年失业等经济问题,这可能源于对战略产业的过度投资。中国政府对战略产业的过度投资可能以牺牲消费和其他产业为代价,但符合其国家安全和自给自足的优先目标。 John Emond: 美国在工业产能方面落后于中国,尤其是在造船和矿产材料等领域。美国在稀土磁铁的生产方面严重落后于中国,这是一个主要的弱点。美国在许多对军事机器至关重要的微小部件的生产方面也依赖进口。美国在商船生产方面的不足导致造船效率低下、缺乏训练有素的工人,从而难以提高造船能力。中国是前所未有的制造业强国,美国难以像二战时那样超越其生产能力。美国已经去工业化,制造业在经济中的份额下降,经济转向其他领域,尽管自由贸易带来好处,但也可能存在弊端。特朗普的贸易政策可能通过疏远盟友,使美国在军事上处于不利地位。如果美国能够与日本和欧洲等具有强大制造业基础的国家紧密合作,它可以更好地对抗中国。即使成本更高,美中两国也会更加关注如何建立本土产能,因为它们对彼此之间的贸易关系持谨慎态度。

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China's significant investment in strategic industries over the past decade has led to its dominance in manufacturing various products crucial for wartime. This episode explores how China's economic growth fueled this military buildup, contrasting it with the U.S.'s declining manufacturing capabilities. The discussion focuses on China's advancements in drone technology and shipbuilding, highlighting their potential advantages in a protracted conflict.
  • China's dominance in manufacturing vital wartime products
  • China's advancements in drone and shipbuilding technologies
  • US's lack of manufacturing heft compared to China

Shownotes Transcript

Modern warfare is a contest of industrial might. China has spent decades assembling an industrial base at an unmatched scale, from shipping to advanced electronics. But although manufacturing power helped the U.S. win World War II, America now would struggle in a production battle. WSJ senior reporter Jon Emont) discusses how China's economy fueled that buildup, what it means for China’s economy, and where that leaves the U.S. Alex Ossola hosts.

Further Reading:

America Let Its Military-Industrial Might Wither. China’s Is Booming.)

The Fortress That China Built for Its Battle With America)

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