cover of episode Essentials: Boost Your Energy & Immune System with Cortisol & Adrenaline

Essentials: Boost Your Energy & Immune System with Cortisol & Adrenaline

2025/3/13
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Andrew Huberman
是一位专注于神经科学、学习和健康的斯坦福大学教授和播客主持人。
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Andrew Huberman: 我是斯坦福大学医学院的神经生物学和眼科学教授Andrew Huberman。本期播客将重点讨论特定激素如何影响我们的能量水平和免疫系统,以及如何提高全天的能量水平和管理压力。我们将讨论皮质醇和肾上腺素(肾上腺素)影响大脑和身体的机制,以及为什么重要的是要调节它们的水平,考虑到一天中的时间或压力水平等因素。我还将介绍短期压力的积极益处以及提高能量和增强压力抵抗力的行为方案。此外,我还将解释如何通过阳光照射、膳食时间和补充剂(如Ashwagandha)等工具来优化激素水平。 皮质醇是一种类固醇激素,与雌激素和睾酮一样,它都来自胆固醇。压力会使更多胆固醇转化为皮质醇,皮质醇是维持免疫系统、记忆力和情绪稳定的重要激素,但过高或在错误的时间升高则有害。肾上腺素(肾上腺素)对免疫系统、记忆力和学习至关重要,关键在于调节其释放量、持续时间和时间。 为了提高能量水平和增强免疫力,我们可以采取一些措施。首先,清晨醒来后尽快晒太阳,可以调节皮质醇的释放,提高专注力、能量水平和学习能力。一天中会经历不同程度的压力,关键在于让皮质醇和肾上腺素的升高保持短暂,避免长期处于高水平状态。冰浴、吐纳呼吸和高强度间歇训练等方法可以调节压力反应,但关键在于使用频率和时机。 通过在冷水中保持身心平静,可以增强免疫力,关键在于保持大脑平静,而身体处于高度警觉状态。短期压力可以增强免疫力,而长期压力则会削弱免疫力。一项研究表明,通过吐纳呼吸等方法增加肾上腺素,可以减轻大肠杆菌感染的症状。学习控制肾上腺素和皮质醇的释放,可以增强能量、专注力和免疫力。 长期或过高的皮质醇和肾上腺素水平会对健康产生负面影响,包括削弱免疫系统和增加身体脂肪。慢性压力会改变肾上腺、大脑和垂体之间的反馈回路,导致压力持续恶化。慢性压力会导致对高糖高脂食物的渴望,并可能导致诸如2型糖尿病等健康问题。压力会导致头发变白。一些补充剂,如Ashwagandha和Apigenin,可以帮助降低皮质醇水平。 要优化皮质醇和肾上腺素水平,需要进行一些日常的练习,例如规律的睡眠、饮食和运动。进食时间对能量水平有显著影响,间歇性断食和昼夜节律进食可以调节皮质醇和肾上腺素的释放。定期进行增加肾上腺素的练习,同时保持大脑平静,可以更好地调节这些激素。短期压力是有益的,关键在于学习如何控制皮质醇和肾上腺素,避免慢性压力。

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In this Huberman Lab Essentials) episode, I explain how specific hormones) influence both energy levels and the immune system and discuss practical tools for increasing energy throughout the day and managing stress.

I discuss the mechanism through which cortisol and epinephrine (adrenaline) impact the brain and body and why it’s important to regulate their levels, considering factors like time of day or stress levels. I also cover the positive benefits of short-term stress and behavioral protocols to increase energy and enhance stress resilience. Additionally, I explain how to optimize hormone levels through tools like sunlight exposure, meal timing, and supplements) such as ashwagandha.

Huberman Lab Essentials episodes are approximately 30 minutes long and focus on key science and protocol takeaways from past Huberman Lab episodes. Essentials will be released every Thursday, and our full-length episodes will continue to be released every Monday.

Read the full episode show notes at hubermanlab.com).

Thank you to our sponsors

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Timestamps

00:00:00 Huberman Lab Essentials; Immunity & Energy

00:01:34 Cortisol, Epinephrine (Adrenaline)

00:03:32 Sponsors: BetterHelp & LMNT

00:06:03 Cortisol & Epinephrine Biology

00:07:50 Timing Cortisol Release, Tool: Morning Sunlight Exposure

00:10:07 Daytime Stress, Learning & Cortisol

00:11:30 Tool: Increase Energy, Ice Baths, Cyclic Breathing, HIIT

00:16:23 Sponsor: AG1

00:17:26 Tool: Building Resilience; Cortisol vs. Epinephrine Effects, Immune System

00:21:29 Brief Stressors & Immune System

00:25:12 Sponsor: Function

00:26:59 Chronic Stress, Cortisol, Hunger & Food Choice

00:29:18 Stress & Gray Hair?

00:29:55 Reduce Cortisol & Supplements, Ashwagandha, Apigenin

00:31:39 Optimizing Cortisol & Epinephrine, Tool: Meals, Circadian Eating, Fasting

00:34:15 Recap & Key Takeaways

Disclaimer & Disclosures)