cover of episode Essentials: How to Optimize Testosterone & Estrogen

Essentials: How to Optimize Testosterone & Estrogen

2025/2/20
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Andrew Huberman
是一位专注于神经科学、学习和健康的斯坦福大学教授和播客主持人。
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我将解释如何优化激素,特别是睾酮和雌激素,以增强生育能力和整体健康。我将讨论睾酮和雌激素的来源,以及它们在男性和女性中如何随年龄波动。我还将讨论运动、冷热暴露、光照、疾病和呼吸模式等行为如何影响激素。此外,我还将探讨具体的补充剂和替代疗法,并重点介绍调整激素水平时需要考虑的重要注意事项。 首先,我们需要了解睾酮和雌激素的来源。睾酮的主要来源是睾丸,雌激素的主要来源是卵巢,但肾上腺也能产生睾酮。此外,芳香化酶可以将睾酮转化为雌激素。青春期前女性雌激素水平很低,青春期后雌激素水平会飙升,绝经期后雌激素水平会下降。青春期前男性睾酮水平较低,青春期后睾酮水平会飙升,之后每年下降约1%。 竞争可以刺激肾上腺释放睾酮。睾酮在决定哪个物种成员能够繁殖方面起着重要作用。睾酮水平越高,获得交配机会的可能性越大。睾酮可以降低压力和焦虑,使努力感觉良好。它会增加觅食、寻求新奇和交配的欲望。竞争本身可以增加睾酮等雄激素,这与多巴胺有关。成为父母会使睾酮水平下降近50%。生病会显著降低睾酮和雌激素水平,以及对性行为的渴望。睡眠呼吸暂停与较低的睾酮和雌激素水平有关。鼻呼吸可以改善睡眠,从而有助于优化激素水平。良好的睡眠有助于优化激素水平,因为它会影响皮质醇。 早晨的光照可以影响激素水平和生育能力。光线、多巴胺和激素之间存在密切的关系。早晨的光照可以提高多巴胺水平,从而促进睾酮和雌激素的产生。夜间避免强光照射可以优化性类固醇激素。冷和热可以调节激素水平,可能是通过间接机制。重量训练可以增加睾酮水平。先进行重量训练,再进行耐力训练,可以优化睾酮水平。高强度间歇训练可以增加睾酮,而长时间的耐力训练会降低睾酮。更年期会导致雌激素水平显著下降。补充雌激素可以缓解更年期症状,但存在副作用和风险。阿片类药物会显著降低睾酮和雌激素水平。东革阿里(Tongkat Ali)可以增加游离睾酮水平。调节激素时需要谨慎,因为这可能会增加癌症风险。黄体生成素(LH)可以促进其他激素的释放和产生。人绒毛促性腺激素(HCG)可以增加黄体生成素水平,从而增加睾酮和雌激素水平。Fadogia agrestis可以增加黄体生成素水平。在调节激素时,进行血液检测非常重要。

Deep Dive

Chapters
This chapter explores the origins of testosterone and estrogen, primarily the ovaries and testes, with contributions from the adrenals. It also details how their levels dramatically change across the lifespan, notably increasing during puberty and then declining with age, particularly in women experiencing menopause.
  • Major sources of estrogen are ovaries, and testosterone are testes and adrenals.
  • Estradiol is the most active form of estrogen.
  • Estrogen levels skyrocket during puberty and drop during menopause.
  • Testosterone levels drop about 1% per year after puberty.

Shownotes Transcript

In this Huberman Lab Essentials episode, I explain how to optimize hormones)—particularly testosterone, estrogen, and related sex steroids—to enhance fertility and overall well-being.

I discuss the sources of testosterone and estrogen and how their levels fluctuate with age in both males and females. I also cover how behaviors such as exercise, cold and heat exposure, light exposure, illness, and breathing patterns affect hormones. Additionally, I examine specific supplements and replacement therapies, highlighting important precautions to consider when adjusting hormone levels.

Huberman Lab Essentials) episodes are approximately 30 minutes long and focus on key scientific insights and protocol takeaways from past Huberman Lab episodes. These short episodes will be released every Thursday, while our full-length episodes will continue to be released every Monday.

Read the show notes for this episode at hubermanlab.com).

Thank you to our sponsors

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Timestamps

00:00:00 Huberman Lab Essentials; Hormones

00:01:15 Testosterone & Estrogen Sources & Age, Adrenals

00:03:34 Sponsor: Eight Sleep

00:05:05 Competition, Males & Testosterone; Dopamine

00:09:27 Testosterone Decreases, Expectant Fathers, Illness

00:11:30 Sleep Apnea, Testosterone, Estrogen, Cortisol, Tool: Nasal Breathing

00:15:57 Sponsor: AG1

00:17:00 Dopamine, Cortisol, Fertility, Tool: Light Viewing Behavior 

00:19:31 Heat, Cold & Hormone Levels

00:21:14 Resistance & Endurance Training, Testosterone, Tool: Exercise Order

00:23:26 Estrogen, Menopause, Hormone Therapy

00:25:07 Sponsor: Function

00:26:54 Vitamins, Opioids, Supplements, Tongkat Ali, Cancer Risk

00:31:26 Luteinizing Hormone, hCG, Fadogia Agrestis, Tool: Blood Tests

00:36:00 Recap & Key Takeaways

Disclaimer & Disclosures)