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cover of episode GUEST SERIES | Dr. Matt Walker: How to Structure Your Sleep, Use Naps & Time Caffeine

GUEST SERIES | Dr. Matt Walker: How to Structure Your Sleep, Use Naps & Time Caffeine

2024/4/17
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Huberman Lab

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A
Andrew Huberman
是一位专注于神经科学、学习和健康的斯坦福大学教授和播客主持人。
M
Matthew Walker
Topics
Andrew Huberman: 本期播客将讨论如何构建睡眠结构以获得最佳身心健康和表现,包括单相睡眠、多相睡眠和午睡,以及咖啡因对睡眠和健康的影响。 Matthew Walker: 睡眠阶段(单相、双相、多相)会随着年龄增长而变化。婴儿期睡眠为多相睡眠,学龄前儿童为双相睡眠,成年后为单相睡眠。不同睡眠阶段(非快速眼动睡眠和快速眼动睡眠)在生命周期中的变化规律,以及这些变化背后的原因。现代社会人们的睡眠方式可能与人类进化设计的方式有所不同,这与双相睡眠有关。人们的睡眠时间偏好(昼夜节律类型)存在差异,这是一种生物学优势,可以降低群体整体的风险。昼夜节律类型主要由基因决定,但环境因素也会对其产生影响。午睡的益处和坏处,以及如何确定最佳午睡时间,以及如何避免午睡后困倦。咖啡因是腺苷受体拮抗剂,可以阻止腺苷结合到受体上,从而让人保持清醒。咖啡因的最佳服用时间,以及如何利用咖啡因来改善午睡效果。多相睡眠的益处和坏处,以及如何避免多相睡眠带来的负面影响。 Andrew Huberman: 睡眠并非单一状态,存在不同类型的睡眠,如单相睡眠、双相睡眠和多相睡眠,它们对人体有不同的作用。双相睡眠和多相睡眠的具体例子,以及它们对人体的影响。睡眠姿势对睡眠质量至关重要,平躺有利于体温调节和睡眠。现代社会人们的睡眠方式可能与人类进化设计的方式有所不同,这与双相睡眠有关。如何确定最佳午睡时间,以及如何避免午睡后困倦。关于咖啡因的最佳服用时间,以及如何利用咖啡因来改善午睡效果。多相睡眠的益处和坏处,以及如何避免多相睡眠带来的负面影响。 Matthew Walker: 单相睡眠指在24小时内只有一段睡眠时间。双相睡眠指在24小时内有两段睡眠时间,可以是夜间长睡眠和午后短睡眠,也可以是夜间两段睡眠。多相睡眠指在24小时内有多段睡眠时间,婴儿期睡眠模式即为多相睡眠;“生物黑客”运动中也存在多相睡眠。婴儿期睡眠模式为多相睡眠,随着年龄增长逐渐转变为双相睡眠,最终成为单相睡眠。不同睡眠阶段(非快速眼动睡眠和快速眼动睡眠)在生命周期中的变化规律,以及这些变化背后的原因。现代社会人们的睡眠方式可能与人类进化设计的方式有所不同,这与双相睡眠有关。人们的睡眠时间偏好(昼夜节律类型)存在差异,这是一种生物学优势,可以降低群体整体的风险。昼夜节律类型主要由基因决定,但环境因素也会对其产生影响。午睡的益处和坏处,以及如何避免午睡后困倦。咖啡因是腺苷受体拮抗剂,可以阻止腺苷结合到受体上,从而让人保持清醒。咖啡因的最佳服用时间,以及如何利用咖啡因来改善午睡效果。多相睡眠的益处和坏处,以及如何避免多相睡眠带来的负面影响。

Deep Dive

Shownotes Transcript

This is episode 3 of a 6-part special series on sleep with Dr. Matthew Walker, Ph.D.), a professor of neuroscience and psychology at the University of California, Berkeley, and leading public educator about the role of sleep in health, disease and performance. 

We explain how our sleep architecture changes as we age. We also cover how childhood development and aging affect sleep biology and needs. We also discuss whether polyphasic sleep (multiple short sleep periods) is beneficial. 

Then, we discuss naps, including their positive benefits, individual variability, those who should not nap, and alternative rest states like non-sleep deep rest. Dr. Walker shares protocols to optimize nap duration, timing and effectiveness.

We also explore the effects of caffeine on sleep and other health aspects, as well as the optimal timing for caffeine intake.

This episode describes many actionable science-based tools for optimizing sleep, naps and caffeine use for better health and performance.

The next episode in this special series explores the relationship between sleep, memory, and creativity.

For show notes, including referenced articles and additional resources, please visit hubermanlab.com).

Thank you to our sponsors

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BetterHelp: https://betterhelp.com/huberman)

LMNT: https://drinklmnt.com/huberman)

Waking Up: https://wakingup.com/huberman)

Eight Sleep: https://eightsleep.com/huberman)

Momentous: https://livemomentous.com/huberman)

Timestamps

(00:00:00) Sleep Structure

(00:01:29) Sponsors: BetterHelp, LMNT & Waking Up

(00:05:42) Sleep Phases & Lifespan

(00:11:58) Sleep Stages & Lifespan, Sleep Paralysis & Animals

(00:20:19) Adults & Biphasic Sleep, Modern Society

(00:25:14) Chronotype, Circadian Rhythms & Biological Flexibility

(00:29:07) Genetics & Chronotype

(00:31:42) Sponsor: AG1

(00:32:55) Biphasic Sleep, Adults; Body Position & Sleepiness

(00:40:09) Naps, Positive Benefits, Nighttime Insomnia

(00:49:38) Tool: Optimal Nap: Duration & Timing; Grogginess

(00:58:15) Nap Capacity, “Liminal” States & NSDR

(01:07:37) NASA Nap Culture, Power Naps

(01:11:49) Sponsor: Eight Sleep

(01:12:50) Tools: Nap Timing, “Fragile” Nighttime Sleep; On-Off-On Protocol

(01:18:57) Avoiding Naps: Insomnia, Aging & Sleep Quality Decline

(01:28:20) Caffeine, “Nappuccino”; Hot Drinks

(01:38:28) Adenosine Clearance, Sleep 

(01:43:10) Tool: Delaying Caffeine, Afternoon Crash, Sleep Quality

(01:49:06) Caffeine, Health, Antioxidants; Caffeine Tolerance & Alcohol

(01:56:54) Tool: Nap “Enhancements”, Caffeine, Light & Face Washing

(02:04:33) Polyphasic Sleep, Adverse Effects

(02:12:43) Sleep Deprivation & Car Crashes; Polyphasic Sleep

(02:16:49) Zero-Cost Support, Spotify & Apple Reviews, Sponsors, YouTube Feedback, Momentous, Social Media, Neural Network Newsletter

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