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cover of episode S05 Ep02: Spiritual Warfare

S05 Ep02: Spiritual Warfare

2025/1/9
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Nobody Should Believe Me

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A
Andrea Dunlop
一名专注于真实犯罪和社会问题的媒体人物和作者。
E
Erin Ajayi
L
Lauren Turek
Topics
Andrea Dunlop: 我认为媒体报道Munchausen by proxy案件时,往往过于关注细节,而忽略了核心问题:为什么这件事会发生?索菲·哈特曼案也不例外。在试图解开像索菲·哈特曼这样复杂的故事时,很难确定从哪里开始,因为施害者会撒谎,所有事情都相互关联。我多年来一直在报道此类案件,我的经验是,施害者总是会撒谎,欺骗是他们主要的武器。索菲·哈特曼是一个不可靠的叙述者,她自己也承认自己是说谎成性的人。Munchausen by proxy案件通常在母亲怀孕期间开始,通常以产科并发症和早产开始。但索菲没有怀孕,也没有稳定的伴侣,她将收养孩子定位为上帝的旨意。人们倾向于相信自己所爱的人所说的话,即使是谎言。索菲的宗教信仰深刻影响了她对在赞比亚的经历和人生观的理解,需要进一步调查。在赞比亚的经历为她之后的故事发展奠定了基础。Sophie的叙述与其他证据之间存在矛盾,她构建了一个将自己塑造成救世主的叙事。在Munchausen by proxy案件中,医疗欺骗并非孤立存在,施害者会构建一个叙事,将自己塑造成唯一的救世主。 Lauren Turek: 我研究美国福音派基督教徒对外交政策的影响。福音派基督教徒相信圣经是权威的,通过对耶稣基督的信仰获得救赎,并有责任向全世界传播福音。非宗派基督徒不属于特定教派,但许多人仍然是福音派信徒,他们的信仰是多种来源的混合体。Haven教堂最初属于美国改革宗教会,后来脱离并加入了改革宗教会联盟,这是一个更保守的组织。Sophie的布道使用了福音派常用的语言,表达了她与上帝的个人关系和使命感。Sophie相信存在一场与邪恶势力的属灵战争,撒旦是一个真实的实体。许多福音派信徒真诚地相信他们的信仰,并认为基督与他们同在,指引他们。不同的福音派和新教团体对世界末日的看法不同,有些认为世界末日之前必须先进行全球布道。福音派信徒认为,那些没有机会听到福音的人将被永远定罪。“拯救灵魂”的理念是福音派运动的核心,它为Sophie在赞比亚所做的一切提供了合理的框架。 Myrriah Gossett: 通过研究Sophie的回忆录、博客和新闻报道,可以大致推断出她在赞比亚的活动时间线。Sophie在正式搬到赞比亚之前,曾两次前往那里进行短期探访。GEMS组织没有提供Sophie在赞比亚工作的具体日期信息。GEMS组织的使命是让世界各地的女孩与耶稣基督建立关系。Sophie在赞比亚工作的其他组织没有提供相关记录。2011年11月,Sophie在朋友的博客上发布了一封信,描述了她当时在赞比亚的工作和收养计划。Sophie在回忆录中将自己描绘成在赞比亚孤立无援,但实际上她得到了家人的支持。Sophie在赞比亚期间的经济来源不明确。 Erin Ajayi: Sophie可能利用了年龄和姐妹关系的条件,成功收养了C和M。并非所有在孤儿院的孩子都是可以被收养的,有些孩子只是暂时被父母送去。Sophie在回忆录中将自己描绘成在收养过程中独自对抗腐败的收养系统。Sophie的叙述中体现了一种自恋的世界观。Sophie在赞比亚期间积极进行募捐活动。

Deep Dive

Key Insights

What role did Sophie's Evangelical Christian beliefs play in her decision to adopt children from Zambia?

Sophie's Evangelical Christian beliefs were central to her decision to adopt children from Zambia. She framed her actions as part of a divine mission, believing that adopting a child with severe disabilities or health issues was God's path for her. This religious worldview positioned her as a savior figure, driven by a sense of spiritual warfare and a duty to evangelize and save souls.

How does Dr. Lauren Turek define Evangelical Christianity?

Dr. Lauren Turek defines Evangelical Christianity as a branch of Protestant Christianity where believers view the Bible as the authoritative, inerrant word of God. Evangelicals emphasize a personal salvation experience through faith in Jesus Christ and believe in the responsibility to spread the gospel worldwide. While some subgroups, like fundamentalists, interpret the Bible literally, all Evangelicals consider it the ultimate authority.

What is the significance of spiritual warfare in Sophie's narrative?

Spiritual warfare is a key theme in Sophie's narrative, reflecting her belief in a literal battle between good and evil. She describes herself as waging war on the 'kingdom of evil,' portraying her actions as part of a divine mission to combat Satan's influence. This framing positions her as a righteous figure fighting for God's will, which aligns with her Evangelical Christian worldview.

What were the key factors in Sophie's adoption process in Zambia?

Sophie's adoption process in Zambia involved meeting specific legal requirements, including fostering a child for three months, being at least 25 years old, and demonstrating adequate finances. She also had to undergo a home study. Sophie faced challenges, such as lost paperwork and accusations of corruption, but her relentless focus and fundraising efforts ultimately enabled her to adopt two sisters, C and M.

How did Sophie's portrayal of Zambia differ from the reality of the organizations she worked with?

Sophie's portrayal of Zambia in her memoir emphasized extreme poverty and neglect in orphanages, painting a grim picture of the country. However, research into the organizations she worked with revealed well-funded, professional institutions focused on reuniting children with their families. This dissonance suggests Sophie may have exaggerated or omitted details to fit her narrative of being a lone savior in a desperate situation.

What role did fundraising play in Sophie's time in Zambia?

Fundraising was a critical aspect of Sophie's time in Zambia, enabling her to support her missionary work and adoptions. She requested funds for specific needs, such as a car and schooling for her adopted daughter, M. Sophie's ability to raise money through her network and organizations like GEMS and Special Hope Network highlights her skill in leveraging her community's support for her mission.

Shownotes Transcript

In the second episode of season 5, Andrea dives into how Sophie’s Evangelical Christian beliefs colored her worldview. From claiming that adopting a child from Zambia was God’s path for her life to allegedly performing an exorcism, Sophie’s faith is an integral part of this case. We hear from Dr. Lauren Turek, an Associate Professor of History at Trinity University in San Antonio, TX and author of *To Bring the Good News to All Nations: *)Evangelical Influence on Human Rights and U.S. Foreign Relations, gives us a context about Evangelical Christianity in the US and abroad and helps us understand Sophie’s religious upbringing and worldview. Andrea is then joined by some of the Nobody Should Believe Me team: Senior Producer Myrriah Gossett and Lead Researcher/Producer Erin Ajayi to attempt to fill in the many blanks left by Sophie’s memoir about her time in Zambia. The three of them lay out a timeline leading up to Sophie’s adoptions of M and C, while at the same time examining the series of omissions and half-truths riddling Sophie’s story.


Links and Resources:

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