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cover of episode How Much Do We Really Know?

How Much Do We Really Know?

2025/5/19
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Hidden Brain
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Phil Fernbach
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Shankar Vedantam
Topics
Shankar Vedantam: 我发现我们常常高估自己对世界的理解，这种现象被称为“知识错觉”。我们认为自己对事物的运作方式有深刻的理解，但当我们被要求详细解释时，却发现自己几乎一无所知。这种错觉不仅影响我们对日常物品的理解，也影响我们对复杂问题的看法，例如金融危机和政治议题。我们需要认识到自己的知识局限性，并采取措施来弥补这种差距。 Phil Fernbach: 我认为知识错觉源于人类思维的本质。我们的思维是为了让我们更有效地在世界中行动，而不是存储大量的细节。为了适应不同的环境，我们需要具备概括能力，抛弃不相关的细节，保留深层的、可概括的结构。因此，我们的大脑倾向于简化世界，这导致我们高估自己对事物的理解。此外，我们还受到记忆偏差的影响，倾向于记住好的结果，而忘记坏的结果，这进一步加剧了知识错觉。我们需要通过挑战自己解释事物的工作原理，以及考虑我们不知道的事情，来克服这种错觉。

Deep Dive

Chapters
Shankar Vedantam announces a Hidden Brain tour across various US and Canadian cities, providing ticket information and opportunities to meet him.
  • Hidden Brain tour announcement
  • Tour dates and cities listed
  • Ticket information available at hiddenbrain.org/tour

Shownotes Transcript

You probably know someone who thinks they know more about something than they really do. But you could never be described that way . . . could you? This week, cognitive scientist Phil Fernbach) explains the "illusion of knowledge" — the fact that we think we understand the world in much greater detail than we actually do. He'll explore why this happens, and how to close the gap between what we know and what we think we know. 

*Hidden Brain is about to go on tour! Join Shankar in a city near you as he shares key insights from the first decade of the show. For more info and tickets, go to *https://hiddenbrain.org/tour/)