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US 2.0: What We Have In Common

2024/1/29
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Hidden Brain

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Kurt Gray
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Shankar Vedantam
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Shankar Vedantam:探讨了在政治极化背景下,人们如何看待政治对手,以及如何通过理解心理学来弥合分歧。节目中采访了Kurt Gray博士,他研究了人们在思考政治对手时大脑中发生的事情,并提出了具体的策略来建设性地与对手互动。 Kurt Gray:分享了他青少年时期的一次经历,说明了人们对责任和伤害的认知差异,以及在道德冲突中,双方都可能认为自己是受害者。他指出,人们往往高估了对方对自己的厌恶程度,认为对方愚蠢、非理性、反民主,甚至邪恶。这种误解会阻碍沟通和妥协。Gray博士认为,政治中的主要驱动力可能是受害者情结,而不是敌意和侵略性。人们试图保护自己免受威胁,这种愿望源于人类漫长的进化史中长期面临捕食的威胁。不同群体对伤害的定义不同,导致对同一问题的担忧也不同。他建议,在政治讨论中,关注共同的伤害担忧比关注事实更有效,并强调道德谦逊的重要性。 Carolyn Tuft和Jillian Weiss:两位女性分享了各自在枪支问题上的不同经历和观点,展现了人们对伤害的不同感知和理解。 Shankar Vedantam:总结了Kurt Gray的研究成果,指出人们对政治对手的负面看法往往是错误的,这种误解会加剧政治极化。他介绍了Gray博士提出的几种方法,例如关注共同的伤害担忧,以及培养道德谦逊,来减少政治极化。

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The United States, we’re told, is increasingly a house divided. Conservatives and progressives are so alienated from each other that conversation is virtually impossible. But are we really as divided as we’re led to believe? As we begin what promises to be a pivotal election season, we're kicking off a new series about how we form our political beliefs. We're calling it "US 2.0." We begin with psychologist Kurt Gray), who studies how we think about our political allies and  opponents — and how these insights can help us to chart a new path forward. 

Have you tried to talk with someone who disagrees with you about politics? Have you found effective ways to get through? If you’d be willing to share your stories with the Hidden Brain audience,  along with any questions you have for Kurt Gray, please record a voice memo and email it to us at [email protected]. Use the subject line “politics.”  And thanks!