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Winston Churchill’s Famous “Some Chicken” Speech

2024/12/30
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丘吉尔
旁白
知名游戏《文明VII》的开场动画预告片旁白。
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丘吉尔:在二战初期法国即将投降的危急关头,丘吉尔坚定地表示英国绝不投降。他驳斥了法国将军韦甘关于英国即将失败的预言,并最终通过英国在不列颠之战和闪电战中的顽强抵抗,证明了自己的预言是正确的。丘吉尔在1941年12月30日对加拿大议会的演讲中,总结了英国的胜利,并表达了对未来反攻的信心。 在与法国将军的会晤中,面对法国即将投降的现实,丘吉尔坚定地表达了英国不投降的决心,这与法国将军们寻求停火的意愿形成了鲜明对比。丘吉尔对法国将军韦甘的预言进行了有力的反驳,他指出英国人民的坚韧不拔以及英国空军和陆军的英勇抵抗,最终使英国避免了被征服的命运。 丘吉尔在加拿大议会的演讲中,不仅庆祝了英国的胜利,更重要的是鼓舞了盟友的士气,为未来的反攻奠定了坚实的基础。他的演讲不仅是对过去战争的总结,更是对未来胜利的展望。 旁白:不列颠之战和闪电战是二战中至关重要的战役,英国在丘吉尔的领导下,凭借其人民的坚韧不拔和军队的英勇抵抗,最终战胜了纳粹德国的侵略。不列颠之战中,英国飞行员的英勇战斗,有效抵抗了德国空军的进攻,阻止了德国入侵英国的计划。闪电战期间,伦敦市民在面对德国空袭时表现出顽强的抵抗精神,他们的坚韧不拔挫败了希特勒征服英国的计划。这些事件最终促成了丘吉尔在加拿大议会发表著名的"一些鸡"演讲,总结了英国的胜利,并表达了对未来反攻的信心。 不列颠之战的胜利是以巨大的牺牲为代价的,超过1500名英国和盟军飞行员阵亡。然而,他们的牺牲迫使德国改变战略,放弃了直接入侵英国的计划。闪电战虽然给英国人民带来了巨大的痛苦和损失,但同时也增强了他们的抵抗意志,使他们更加坚定地与纳粹德国作斗争。这些事件共同构成了英国在二战中取得胜利的重要组成部分。 韦甘将军:韦甘将军在二战初期预测英国将在三周内被征服,这与丘吉尔坚定不移的抵抗形成了鲜明对比。韦甘将军的预言最终被证明是错误的,英国在丘吉尔的领导下,成功地抵御了纳粹德国的侵略,并最终取得了二战的胜利。 韦甘将军的预言反映了当时欧洲大陆普遍存在的悲观情绪,许多人认为面对纳粹德国的强大攻势,英国将无力抵抗。然而,丘吉尔和英国人民用实际行动证明了韦甘将军的预言是错误的。英国的抵抗不仅鼓舞了本国人民,也激励了其他盟国,为最终战胜纳粹德国奠定了重要的基础。韦甘将军的预言也成为了丘吉尔在加拿大议会演讲中反驳和庆祝英国胜利的重要背景。

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Key Insights

What was the significance of Winston Churchill's 'Some Chicken' speech to the Canadian Parliament?

Winston Churchill's 'Some Chicken' speech, delivered on December 30, 1941, celebrated Britain's survival of the Blitz and the Battle of Britain. It was a rebuttal to French General Maxime Weygand's prediction that Britain would be defeated like a chicken. Churchill used the speech to galvanize support for the ongoing war against Germany and the Axis powers, emphasizing Britain's resilience and determination to fight on.

Why did Winston Churchill visit Canada in December 1941?

Winston Churchill visited Canada in December 1941 to thank the Canadian people for their support during Britain's darkest days when the country was at risk of invasion. He also used the opportunity to rally support for the ongoing war effort and to deliver his famous 'Some Chicken' speech, which highlighted Britain's perseverance and the importance of Allied unity.

What was the outcome of the Battle of Britain?

The Battle of Britain, fought between the Royal Air Force (RAF) and the German Luftwaffe, ended in a British victory. Despite heavy losses, including over 1,500 British and Allied pilots killed, the RAF successfully defended Britain from German air attacks. This forced the German high command to abandon plans for an invasion and shift their strategy to bombing civilian targets during the Blitz.

How did the Blitz impact British civilians?

The Blitz, a sustained bombing campaign by the German Luftwaffe, caused widespread destruction across Britain, targeting cities, factories, and infrastructure. Despite the devastation, British civilians remained resilient and determined. The bombings did not lead to calls for surrender; instead, they strengthened the resolve of the British people to continue the fight against Nazi Germany.

What was General Maxime Weygand's prediction about Britain during World War II?

General Maxime Weygand, a French military leader, predicted that Britain would be defeated by Nazi Germany within three weeks, stating that Britain would 'have her neck wrung like a chicken.' This prediction was made during a war council in 1940, shortly before France's surrender to Germany. Churchill later refuted this claim in his 'Some Chicken' speech, highlighting Britain's survival and resilience.

Chapters
This chapter recounts a critical meeting in June 1940, where Churchill vehemently opposed the French generals' surrender to Nazi Germany, highlighting his unwavering resolve to fight on, even when facing seemingly insurmountable odds. Churchill's determination foreshadows Britain's resilience during the coming battles.
  • Churchill's meeting with French officers
  • French generals' inclination to surrender
  • Churchill's refusal to surrender
  • General Weygand's prediction of Britain's defeat

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It's June 11th, 1940, in the Chateau de Mouguet, a mansion 100 miles south of Paris, one month after German troops invaded France in the beginning of World War II. British Prime Minister Winston Churchill sits at the head of a conference table. He takes a sip from a cup of tea and silently stares down the British and French officers seated around him.

But the moment of quiet is interrupted by the sound of fighter planes flying overhead. Churchill puts down his cup of tea and addresses the war council before him. He doesn't mince words, saying that if the French army does not muster a defense of their country, France will fall into the clutches of the Nazis. Churchill clamps a cigar between his teeth and lights up. As he blows smoke across the table, he demands to know how the French generals plan to launch a successful counterattack.

or a few awkward moments, the generals squirm, looking uncomfortable, until General Maxime Weygand clears his throat. Weygand says there's no way France can stop the Nazis, and they should ask for a ceasefire. Many generals in the room nod and make known their approval of surrender. But Churchill is livid.

He slams his hands down on the table, shocking the room into silence again. He bellows that France must not surrender. And in response, another French general at the table insists that they have no choice. Hearing this, Churchill rises from his seat and raises his voice even further, loudly announcing that Britain will never surrender.

In response, General Weygand rises as well. He looks Churchill in the eyes and with a sneer says that his plan to fight on is a fantasy. Germany will conquer France and when they do, the Brits will be next. In three weeks, he says, Britain will have her neck wrung like a chicken.

Winston Churchill left this council of war and flew back to London with a heavy heart. He knew that the French were on the verge of capitulating to their German invaders. But Churchill was determined to prove General Weygand wrong by ensuring that Britain did not fall to the Nazis as well. Over the next 18 months, Churchill will lead Britain through a dark period when a German invasion was a very real possibility.

Initially, the German Air Force will take to the skies, trying to destroy the Royal Air Force in what's known as the Battle of Britain. Later, the Nazis will bomb civilians in an unrelenting campaign called the Blitz. In the end, Britain will survive these threats, and Churchill will deliver a famous rebuttal to General Weygand during a rousing speech to the Canadian Parliament on December 30th, 1941.

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Today is December 30th, 1941. Winston Churchill's "Some Chicken" speech. It's nearing the end of September 1940, two months after the Battle of Britain began.

In the skies over southern England, 20-year-old pilot officer Bob Foster nudges his control stick and glances at the two aircraft flying alongside his plane. He wants to make sure he does not drift out of this three-plane formation of British Hurricane fighters. Then he turns and looks out the cockpit window, scanning the skies for the enemy aircraft his squadron has been sent to intercept.

Foster is nervous, but excited. He's been flying combat missions for less than a month, and although he's been involved in a few dogfights, he has yet to shoot down an enemy plane. Today, he might just get his chance. After the French surrendered to Germany three months ago, Adolf Hitler and his generals quickly turned their attention to Britain, the last major power in Europe to remain in the war. The German air force, known as the Luftwaffe, began an onslaught from above,

hoping to destroy the Royal Air Force, or RAF. Once they were neutralized, Hitler planned to send German troops across the English Channel to invade Britain. But British fighter pilots did not give up without a fight. They flew several missions a day, aiming to intercept German bombers and their fighter escorts before they could destroy British airfields and radar stations. Now, pilot officer Foster hopes to break up another enemy raiding party. But there's a problem. He can't find them.

as Foster scans the horizon for signs of the enemy planes. A voice over the radio barks an order to break, break, break. Foster doesn't hesitate. He immediately turns his stick and pulls away from the other two planes. It doesn't take Foster long to see why he was ordered to break formation. Right behind them are three enemy fighters. Foster recognizes their shape as Messerschmitt 109s. These German fighter planes are faster and can climb quicker than Foster's Hurricane.

and they are attacking from behind, where fighters are most vulnerable. Foster turns tightly, trying to shake the enemy aircraft off his tail. But his stomach sinks as he hears a muffled explosion and sees the plane of one of his compatriots on fire and dropping out of the sky like a flaming stone. Foster keeps an eye on the blazing wreck as it falls, and he doesn't see a parachute before it drops into the sea.

Foster completes his tight turn and then levels out. When he checks the skies around him, he realizes he's alone. His mid-air evasive maneuvers helped him escape from the German 109s, which he assumes scarpered off as quickly as they appeared. But he has also lost the third plane of his formation.

Foster searches the skies again, and this time spots a dot in the distance. It's a plane flying steady and level. Foster thinks it must be the other hurricane, so he grips his control stick, picks up speed, and tries to catch up. He hopes the two fighters can land together to report the sad loss of their comrade. But as he gets closer to the other aircraft, Foster realizes something isn't right. He squints and tries to focus on the shape of its tail.

And when he sees it, he realizes it's not a hurricane, but an enemy 109, one of the planes that had attacked him. But Foster notices something else, too. As he closes in, the 109 does not make any attempt to alter its course, which means the German pilot has no idea he's being followed.

Foster peers through his gun sight, putting the enemy plane in the center. His thumb rests on the firing button that controls the eight machine guns ranged along his wings. He closes in just a little bit tighter, then presses his thumb down and the guns let loose. Foster's heart leaps as smoke pours out of the 109's engine. The enemy plane's nose drops, then sinks into a vertical dive.

Foster feels little contrition as he sees the wings sheer off the plane, sending it spiraling to the ground. Then he turns for his home airfield, pleased that he's finally achieved his first kill in the Battle of Britain. The Nazis' attempt to take Britain might have succeeded were it not for the bravery of British and Allied airmen like Pilot Officer Foster.

Eventually, the Nazis give up trying to overcome the stubborn resistance of the RAF. Winston Churchill will pay tribute to the pilots who fended them off, saying, "...never was so much owed by so many to so few." But victory in the Battle of Britain comes at a price. More than 1,500 British and Allied pilots are killed. But their sacrifice will force the German high command to pivot.

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It's midnight on December 29th, 1940, three months after the Battle of Britain ends.

27-year-old volunteer firefighter Leonard Rosamond hops out of a fire truck that's just parked on Shoe Lane, a street in the center of London. Although the sky is pitch black, Leonard has no trouble seeing his way because a fire blazes in a tall building along the street. Leonard unrolls a hose and grips it tightly before shouting to a colleague to turn the water on. For Leonard, this is his routine.

Nearly every day for the last month and a half, Leonard has been battling fires started by bombs dropped by German aircraft. After the Luftwaffe failed to destroy the RAF in the Battle of Britain, Adolf Hitler ordered his airmen to change their strategy. Rather than knocking out Britain's air force in advance of an invasion, he decided to bomb the British people until they gave up and demanded a ceasefire.

Six weeks ago, Luftwaffe began nighttime bombing raids on towns and cities all across Britain. The Blitz, as it's known, aims to demolish factories, leave civilians homeless, and destroy critical infrastructure. But firefighters like Leonard are determined to minimize the damage and keep Britain in the war. Facing the blaze, Leonard steadies his feet and tightens his grip on the hose. He feels it tense and buck as water shoots out the end.

A second firefighter runs to assist Leonard, and together they aim the water through the shattered windows of the blazing building. Here in the center of the city, most civilians spend the night sheltering in the underground train stations deep beneath the streets. But even though the building is likely empty, Leonard knows that the fire might quickly spread if he doesn't put it out. Leonard's arms and shoulders begin to ache under the weight of the water gushing forth from the hose.

But he and his colleague fight through the pain and continue spraying the building until they're able to stop the flames from spreading. But they can't seem to extinguish the fire. After a few minutes, a senior firefighter signals to Leonard to let another man take his place on the hose. And Leonard is grateful for the break.

His arms and back ache, but after only a few moments rest, Leonard is eager to get back to dowsing the blaze. He's instructed to set up a second hose in a different location, hoping to fight the flames on two fronts. Leonard nods and walks toward the fire engine to make preparations. But an ominous cracking sound makes him stop. Leonard turns to see the top half of the blazing building begin to topple forward as its front wall collapses.

For a split second, the wall seems to hang in midair. Then it crashes down to the street, right on top of the two firefighters where Leonard was just standing moments ago. Leonard rushes over to dig his comrades out of the hot rubble, but he already knows their fate. There's no way they could have survived the wall's collapse.

Eight hours later, Leonard walks down Shoe Lane as dawn begins to break, the sun's light streaking through smoke, still billowing from the now-extinguished fire. But Leonard has a heavy heart. In a few hours' time, the Luftwaffe bombing raids will begin again, and Leonard will have to resume his firefighting duties, but this time without two of his colleagues, whose bodies are still buried beneath the rubble. Leonard looks around at the bustling street.

Now that the air raid is over, a new day is beginning, and everyday life resumes in London. Men in smart suits walk to their offices, stepping around debris on the sidewalk.

A milkman wanders along with his crate, whistling a tune. Leonard even sees a young mother pushing a stroller down the middle of the street, its wheels bouncing over fallen bricks. As she passes Leonard, he hears her talking to her baby, pointing at the pristine white dome of St. Paul's Cathedral, saying, Look at that. They can bomb London all they want, but they'll never burn St. Paul's.

Leonard can't help but smile. The deaths of two firefighters is a tragedy. But Leonard knows that his work is making a difference. Londoners are carrying on and living as normal a life as possible. Hitler's plan to bomb Britain into submission is failing. And the devastation of the Blitz does not lead to calls from British civilians to end the war. If anything, it makes them more determined.

Britons will hold out over months of nightly attacks until the German high command is forced to change strategy once again, focusing instead on attacking naval convoys in what is known as the Battle of the Atlantic. And with the immediate threat of defeat over, Winston Churchill will travel to North America to celebrate his nation's perseverance in a speech to Canadian Parliament that will survive the ages.

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Winston Churchill rises from his seat to the sound of raucous cheering from more than 2,000 politicians, military officers, and government officials who are crammed into the House of Commons and the Canadian Parliament. But they are not the only people who will soon hear Churchill speak. Banks of microphones are arranged on the table, transmitting the British Prime Minister's words through a loudspeaker to crowds gathered outside on Ottawa's Parliament Hill and through the radio to millions more listening at home.

Churchill is here in Canada today to celebrate Britain's survival of the Blitz and galvanize support for the ongoing war against Germany and the Axis powers. Twenty-three days ago, a surprise Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor dragged the United States into the Second World War. Churchill immediately recognized the importance of his new ally and her abundance of wealth and manpower.

Within a week, he boarded a warship and took a perilous journey across the Atlantic to confer with President Roosevelt. But while in North America, Churchill took a side trip to Canada to thank the Canadian people for their support during the dark days when Britain was at risk of invasion. And Churchill would take this moment as an opportunity to settle an old score against the French generals who predicted Britain's demise.

Churchill begins by telling the Canadians that he is grateful for all they have done to help Britain in her war with Germany. And he recalls what General Maxime Weygand told him during a council of war shortly before the French surrender. In three weeks, England will have our neck run like a chicken.

But as Churchill explains, Britain did not quit. She kept fighting. Pilots took to the skies during the Battle of Britain, and civilians stood firm under the onslaught of the Blitz. Given these facts, Churchill offers a cutting response to General Weygand. Churchill goes on to say that Britain, with the support of her allies from North America, will now go on the offensive and take the fight to Germany.

It will be another long and hard-fought two and a half years before Allied troops land on the beaches of Normandy during D-Day in June of 1944. By then, it will be clear that the tide of the war had turned and Germany's dreams of conquest will be dashed, a result that many thought inconceivable at the beginning of the conflict, but celebrated as inevitable in Churchill's famous speech to the Canadian Parliament on December 30th, 1941. ♪

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