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cover of episode Life in a Barrel

Life in a Barrel

2022/3/4
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Radiolab
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People
C
Candice Wong
E
Elisa Beninca
F
Francis Crick
H
Heather Radke
H
Hendrik Schubert
L
Lulu Miller
M
Matt Kielty
N
Nick Lane
R
Reinhard Herkloss
S
Stephen Jay Gould
Topics
Hendrik Schubert：讲述了在德国罗斯托克大学偶然发现的长期海洋生态实验，以及该实验对传统生态学理论的挑战。实验结果显示，该生态系统长期处于混沌状态，物种兴衰起伏不定。 Reinhard Herkloss：详细描述了长期海洋生态实验的过程和结果，强调该生态系统在无人为干预的情况下依然保持活力，且物种丰富多样，长期处于混沌状态，而非预期的稳定平衡。 Elisa Beninca：解释了混沌理论的含义，指出混沌系统并非完全随机，其短期内具有可预测性，但长期内不可预测，并将其应用于解释海洋生态实验的结果。 Lulu Miller：对实验结果进行了总结和反思，指出实验结果挑战了人们对自然秩序的固有认知，引发了对生态保护工作的反思。 Matt Kielty：介绍了利用计算机模拟随机演化过程的研究，该研究结果显示，物种灭绝可能并非完全由自然选择决定，随机性也扮演着重要角色，并探讨了不同研究者对该结果的不同解读。 Heather Radke：深入探讨了计算机模拟结果的意义，指出物种灭绝的决定因素可能并非物种间的竞争，而是随机的生存事件，并介绍了不同研究者对物种灭绝机制的不同观点。 Chris Hoff：对计算机模拟实验的背景和过程进行了补充说明，并解释了该实验对古生物学研究的影响。 Stephen Jay Gould：介绍了Stephen Jay Gould 对化石的兴趣以及他对生命起源和演化等重大问题的思考，以及他如何将随机性和偶然性应用于对物种多样性和适应性的研究。 David Raup：介绍了David Raup 对物种灭绝的研究，认为物种灭绝既受基因因素影响，也受偶然因素影响。 Tom Schopf：介绍了Tom Schopf 对物种灭绝的观点，认为物种灭绝是完全随机的事件，物种之间没有优劣之分。 Candice Wong：介绍了米勒-尤里实验，以及该实验对“原始汤”理论的影响。 Nick Lane：对米勒-尤里实验以及“原始汤”理论进行了批判性评价，并提出了生命可能起源于深海热液喷口的假说。 Francis Crick：介绍了Francis Crick 关于生命起源的观点，认为生命可能起源于外太空，并被运送到地球。

Deep Dive

Chapters
The episode explores the unexpected chaos found in a controlled ecosystem left untouched for years, challenging traditional views of ecological balance.

Shownotes Transcript

This week, we flip the Disney story of life on its head thanks to a barrel of seawater, a 1970s era computer, and underwater geysers. It’s the chaos of life.

Latif, Lulu, and our Senior Producer Matt Kielty were all sitting on their own little stories until they got thrown into the studio, and had their cherished beliefs about the shape of life put on a collision course. From an accidental study of sea creatures, to the ambitions of Stephen J Gould, to an undercooked theory that captured the world’s imagination, we undo the seeming order of the living world and try to make some music out of the wreckage. (Bonus: Learn how Francis Crick really thought life got started on this planet).

This episode was reported by Latif Nasser, Matt Kielty, Heather Radke, Lulu Miller and Candice Wang. It was produced by Matt Kielty and Simon Adler. Sound and music from Matt Kielty, Simon Adler, and Jeremy Bloom, and dialogue mix by Arianne Wack.Special thanks to Alan and Alida Goffinski for giving our chaos musical life in the song at the end of the episode.

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Citations in this episodeScientific Papers:Elisa Beninca, Reinhard Heerkloss, et al, “Chaos in a long-term experiment with a plankton community”) Nature (2008)Hendrik Schubert, Reinhard Heerkloss, et al, “Chaos theory discloses triggers and drivers of plankton dynamics in a stable environment”) Scientific Reports (2019)

Books:Nick Lane, The Vital Question): Energy, Evolution, and the Origins of Complex LifeFrancis Crick, Life Itself): Its Origin and NatureStephen Jay Gould: Full House)*: The Spread of Excellence from Plato to Darwin, *and The Mismeasure of Man))David M. Raup, Extinction: Bad Genes or Bad Luck?)David Sepkoski, Rereading the Fossil Record): The Growth of Paleobiology as an Evolutionary Discipline

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