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cover of episode How To Read Polls In 2024

How To Read Polls In 2024

2024/9/26
logo of podcast FiveThirtyEight Politics

FiveThirtyEight Politics

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G
Galen Druk
N
Nathaniel Rakich
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Galen Druk: 本期节目讨论了如何负责任地解读民调,特别是在2024年总统大选临近的关键时刻。节目邀请了资深选举分析师Nathaniel Rakich,分享了10条解读民调的实用建议,旨在帮助听众更客观、更理性地看待民调数据,避免过度解读和情绪化反应。 Nathaniel Rakich: 首先,要关注民调机构的信誉和透明度。FiveThirtyEight网站对民调机构进行了排名,排名依据是其过往预测的准确性和数据透明度。其次,要考虑民调的委托方,党派倾向的民调可能存在偏见,需要谨慎对待。再次,要区分注册选民和可能投票的选民,因为实际投票人群的构成可能与整体选民构成存在差异。第四,要理解民调的误差范围,这反映的是由于样本大小导致的抽样误差。第五,要关注民调问题的措辞,因为问题的措辞会影响受访者的回答。第六,要比较同一民调机构的民调结果,因为不同民调机构可能存在系统性偏差。第七,要关注民调结果的平均值,不要过分关注个别民调结果的异常值。第八,要记住民调结果并非完美无缺,存在一定的误差范围。第九,不要试图对民调结果进行人为调整,因为民调机构已经对数据进行了加权处理,以确保其代表性。第十,要记住民调是快照,而非预测,但随着选举日的临近,其预测能力会增强。 Nathaniel Rakich: 在解读民调时,要关注民调机构的信誉、透明度和党派倾向,区分注册选民和可能投票的选民,理解民调的误差范围,关注民调问题的措辞,比较同一民调机构的民调结果,关注民调结果的平均值,不要过分关注个别民调结果的异常值,不要试图对民调结果进行人为调整,记住民调是快照,而非预测。

Deep Dive

Chapters
As the 2024 presidential election heats up, understanding how to interpret polls is crucial. This chapter emphasizes checking the pollster's track record and transparency using resources like FiveThirtyEight's pollster ratings. It also advises caution with polls sponsored by partisan groups, as they may present a biased picture.
  • FiveThirtyEight rates pollsters based on historical accuracy and transparency.
  • Partisan polls tend to favor the sponsoring side by 4-5 points.
  • New or unrated pollsters should be interpreted with caution.

Shownotes Transcript

We are in the frantic final weeks of the presidential campaign, which means Americans are obsessing over polling data more than usual. At 538, we cover this stuff year-round. So today on the show, we’re going back to the fundamentals. It doesn’t matter whether you’re a seasoned political hack or a bright-eyed newcomer: Everyone can benefit from our 10 Essentials Of Following Polls.

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