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cover of episode Will the Government Put the Reins on Amazon?

Will the Government Put the Reins on Amazon?

2023/11/10
logo of podcast The New Yorker Radio Hour

The New Yorker Radio Hour

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David Remnick
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Lina Khan
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Lina Khan:FTC 指控亚马逊拥有垄断地位,并作为连接消费者和商家关键分销渠道的守门人而运作。亚马逊提高向商家收取的费用(相当于50%的"亚马逊税"),损害了商家和消费者利益。亚马逊暗中提高消费者价格,导致消费者支付的费用比有竞争的市场情况下高出数十亿美元。亚马逊的反折扣政策迫使商家提高除亚马逊以外其他平台的价格,从而导致网络整体价格上涨。亚马逊通过在搜索页面投放不相关的广告来提高利润,损害了消费者利益。亚马逊滥用垄断权力,损害了美国公众利益。亚马逊的垄断地位是其早期策略的结果,现在它正在利用这种垄断地位损害消费者和商家。在竞争市场中,亚马逊会受到限制,因为它提高商家价格的行为会使商家有其他销售选择。集中经济权力会威胁到基本自由,就像政治权力集中会破坏民主一样。此次诉讼旨在确保开放的竞争市场,允许新的竞争者出现。亚马逊的惩罚性策略使商家对其产生恐惧,损害了商家的经济自由。很难完全捕捉到由于亚马逊的策略而损失的竞争和创新以及由此产生的利益。开放竞争市场应该让公司根据客户喜好和商业策略成败,而不是受到反竞争行为的影响。亚马逊的反折扣政策和对多平台销售的限制抬高了价格,损害了消费者利益。亚马逊采取了一系列策略来阻止其他公司发展壮大。为了恢复失去的竞争,可能需要更严厉的措施,包括拆分公司。政府对数字市场的早期不干预导致错失良机,未能阻止非法收购和掠夺性商业模式。一些商业模式过度收集用户敏感数据,损害了用户的隐私,尤其对儿童有害。政府需要警惕少数公司控制所有相关资源的情况,避免经济对少数守门人的依赖。存在两党共识,认为不受约束的垄断权力对美国人民有害。亚马逊案得到了部分共和党州检察长的支持。国会成员正在越来越了解这些科技公司强大的影响力。 David Remnick:就亚马逊的垄断地位和FTC的反垄断诉讼,与Lina Khan进行了深入探讨,并就历史上的反垄断案例、科技公司在国会中的影响力以及未来监管的可能性等问题进行了讨论。

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The podcast explores the question of whether Amazon has become a monopoly, influencing various aspects of American life and potentially stifling competition.

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In a relatively short period of time, Amazon has exerted an enormous amount of influence over a broad spectrum of American life. From the groceries we buy to the movies and television shows we watch, Amazon has been setting the prices and driving potential competition out of business. Its prices may seem low, but “Amazon has actually quietly been hiking prices for consumers in ways that are not always clearly visible,” the Federal Trade Commission chair, Lina Khan, tells David Remnick, but “can result in consumers paying billions of dollars more than they would if there was actually competition in the market.” Khan, who is thirty-four, published an influential paper about applying antitrust law to Amazon before she was even out of law school; now she is putting those ideas into practice in a suit against the company. “Amazon’s own documents reveal that it recognizes that these merchants live in constant fear of Amazon’s punishments and punitive tactics,” Khan said. “Ultimately, our antitrust laws are about preserving open markets but also making sure people have the economic liberty to not be susceptible to the dictates of a single company.” (The company’s response says that the F.T.C.’s argument is “wrong on the facts and the law.”)