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我将讨论种子油及其令人惊讶的历史。种子油,通常被称为植物油,实际上是由种子和谷物制成的,在现代饮食中无处不在。在一个多世纪前,它完全不存在于人类饮食中。 冷榨油,如橄榄油和椰子油,已有数千年的历史,其生产过程简单。而工业化之前的传统社会主要使用动物脂肪和少量冷榨油。 19世纪机械压榨机的发明使得从种子中提取油成为可能。棉籽油是首批广泛使用的工业种子油,最初是棉花工业的废弃副产品。 20世纪初,萨巴捷法和诺尔曼的氢化技术为种子油在食品工业中的应用奠定了基础。宝洁公司利用这些技术生产了Crisco(起酥油),并通过成功的营销策略使其销量激增。 一战和二战加速了种子油的生产,大豆油成为主导。20世纪中期工业农业的兴起进一步推动了玉米、大豆等油料作物的产量激增。大豆油和玉米油被宣传为健康植物油的替代品。 现代工业种子油的加工涉及复杂的、多阶段的过程,包括机械压榨或化学溶剂萃取、脱胶、中和、漂白和脱臭等步骤,以最大限度地提高产量并创造一种保质期长、味道清淡的产品。 由于工业化生产和补贴的农作物,种子油变得非常便宜,并成为加工食品工业的基石。全球人均种子油消费量很高,美国人更是如此。 种子油取代传统脂肪是人类历史上最重要的饮食变化之一。最初,许多通过氢化产生的种子油富含反式脂肪,后来被发现有害,美国食品药品监督管理局在2015年禁止了人工反式脂肪。 现代饮食中omega-6与omega-3的比例失衡可能导致炎症。种子油不仅用于食品,还广泛用于化妆品、肥皂、洗发水、清洁剂和生物燃料等领域。

Deep Dive

Shownotes Transcript

Whether or not you are aware of it, in the last day, if you are anywhere near average, there is a very good chance that you have consumed seed oils. 

Seed oils are everywhere in the modern diet. They are contained in almost every processed food and a great many foods prepared at home and in restaurants. 

For one of the biggest components of the modern diet, surprisingly, it was completely absent from human diets just a little over a century ago.

Learn more about seed oils, what they are, and how they are made on this episode of Everything Everywhere Daily.

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