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cover of episode Grand Theft Automated: How to Save a Trillion Lives

Grand Theft Automated: How to Save a Trillion Lives

2025/7/4
logo of podcast Cautionary Tales with Tim Harford

Cautionary Tales with Tim Harford

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Tim Harford: 在这个警示故事中,我探讨了利他主义的极端表现,从乔治·普莱斯无私奉献到一无所有,再到山姆·班克曼-弗里德通过加密货币交易和政治捐款追求“有效利他主义”,揭示了利他主义可能导致的意想不到的后果。我希望通过这些故事,引发大家对利他行为背后动机和结果的深刻思考。 Peter Singer: (由Tim Harford描述)我提出了一个思想实验,强调我们对远方受苦难的人们负有道德义务,就像我们有义务救助眼前的溺水儿童一样。如果我们可以轻易地帮助他人,无论距离远近,我们都应该这样做,否则就是不道德的。我的观点旨在挑战人们对道德责任的传统观念,促使人们采取行动,帮助那些需要帮助的人。 Will McCaskill: (由Tim Harford描述)我深受彼得·辛格的影响,决定身体力行地捐赠,并通过“有效利他主义”来最大化我的捐赠效果。我认为,通过理性分析和选择最具影响力的慈善事业,我们可以更有效地帮助他人。此外,我还提出了“通过挣钱来实现捐赠”的理念,鼓励有能力的人通过高收入职业来资助慈善事业,从而实现更大的社会效益。我也开始思考长期主义,认为我们应该像关心现在的孩子一样,关心未来可能出生的孩子。 Sam Bankman-Fried: (由Tim Harford描述)我接受了“有效利他主义”和“长期主义”的理念,并试图通过加密货币交易和政治捐款来实现这些目标。我相信,通过理性计算和风险承担,我可以赚取大量资金,并将其用于解决全球性问题,例如预防疫情和确保人工智能安全。然而,我的行为最终导致了欺诈和犯罪,这表明即使是出于利他目的,也需要遵守道德和法律的约束。

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This chapter explores Peter Singer's thought experiment about a drowning child and its implications for our moral obligations to alleviate global poverty. It introduces the concept of Effective Altruism and its early development.
  • Peter Singer's essay, "Famine, Affluence, and Morality", challenged conventional thinking on charitable giving.
  • Will MacAskill's embrace of Singer's philosophy led him to found the Effective Altruism movement.
  • Effective Altruism focuses on maximizing the positive impact of charitable donations.

Shownotes Transcript

A radical thought experiment transforms the lives of a new breed of philanthropists, as they follow the logic of altruism to extraordinary lengths. The most famous convert to the Effective Altruism movement, Sam Bankman-Fried, is either a humanitarian hero, a con artist at an astonishing scale, or most bafflingly, both.

For a full list of sources, see the show notes at timharford.com).

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