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cover of episode The Man Who Played With Hurricanes

The Man Who Played With Hurricanes

2023/6/23
logo of podcast Cautionary Tales with Tim Harford

Cautionary Tales with Tim Harford

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Tim Harford: 本期节目探讨了人类尝试控制天气的历史,从早期科学家对控制天气的乐观和自信,到如今对地球工程技术风险和伦理问题的谨慎态度。节目回顾了Irving Langmuir和Vincent Schaefer利用干冰进行人工降雪和尝试控制飓风的实验,以及Bernard Vonnegut利用碘化银进行人工降雨的实验。这些实验虽然取得了一些成功,但也暴露出控制天气的复杂性和潜在风险,以及对环境和社会可能造成的不可预测的影响。同时,节目也介绍了苏联科学家在20世纪50年代提出的改变北极气候的方案,以及现代地球工程技术(例如太阳辐射管理和负排放)面临的争议和挑战。最终,节目指出,由于减少碳排放的努力未能取得预期效果,人们对地球工程技术的接受度有所提高,但其动机已从最初的愿望转变为如今的无奈之举。 Irving Langmuir: Langmuir坚信人类能够控制天气,并进行了多次实验来验证这一想法。他认为通过向云层中添加干冰或其他物质,可以改变降水模式,甚至控制飓风的路径。他最初的实验取得了一些成功,但随后也遭遇了挫折和批评。 Vincent Schaefer: 作为Langmuir的助手,Schaefer参与了多次天气控制实验,并为人工降雪技术的研发做出了重要贡献。他与Langmuir一起进行了多次飞行实验,向云层中投放干冰,成功地实现了人工降雪。 Bernard Vonnegut: Vonnegut发现了利用碘化银进行人工降雨的方法,并成功地进行了实验。他的研究为人工影响天气提供了新的途径。 Elizabeth Colbert: Colbert的著作《Under a White Sky》描述了现代地球工程技术面临的争议和挑战,以及科学家们所面临的压力和风险。 Nikolai Rusin & Leah Flitt: Rusin和Flitt的著作《Man vs. Climate》反映了20世纪50年代苏联科学家对改变气候的乐观态度,并提出了各种方案来改变北极气候。他们认为人类有能力改造气候,并预见了全球变暖问题,但并未因此感到担忧。 John F Kennedy: Kennedy对苏联科学家提出的在白令海峡修建水坝的方案表示认可,这反映了当时人们对改造气候的乐观态度。

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Irving Langmuir and Vincent Schaefer conduct an experiment to control the weather using dry ice, leading Langmuir to declare that mankind has learned to control the weather.

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Today, the idea of controlling the weather is controversial. Scientists who research geoengineering have even received death threats. But once upon a time, people were optimistic about remaking the climate in entire regions of the world. They approached this science with a touching faith in the power of human creativity.

Absent-minded genius Irving Langmuir was one such scientist. He dreamt of making deserts bloom and conjuring rain from an arid sky. He even believed that his experiments with a hurricane had succeeded in redirecting its path.

Why did we stop trying to control the weather? And might geoengineering help us solve climate change - or have we missed our chance?

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