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cover of episode Episode #049 ... Adam Smith pt. 2 - The Tip of the Iceberg of Wealth

Episode #049 ... Adam Smith pt. 2 - The Tip of the Iceberg of Wealth

2015/1/27
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本期节目以美国和墨西哥的诺加利斯两市为例，探讨了国家财富差异的根本原因。通过对比两座城市居民的生活水平，主持人引出了一个核心问题：是什么决定了一个国家的财富？节目中，主持人回顾了历史上人们对这个问题的不同解释，包括重商主义的观点，即认为国家的财富取决于黄金储备。主持人批判了重商主义的错误假设，指出仅仅依靠黄金储备来衡量国家财富是片面的，这种错误的假设会导致错误的经济政策。主持人进一步分析了重商主义政策的负面影响，例如限制进口、鼓励出口、政府资助国内产业、免税、建立垄断、限制出口、实施贸易壁垒等，这些政策损害了经济发展。节目中，主持人还介绍了亚当·斯密的观点，他批判了重商主义，认为自由贸易有利于双方，规模经济能够提高效率，政府与工业巨头之间的腐败关系损害了国家利益。最后，主持人总结道，诺加利斯两市生活水平的差异并非由于居民的懒惰，而是由于政府未能提供足够的法律和秩序，缺乏激励机制。

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The episode explores the stark differences in living standards between Nogales, Arizona and Nogales, Mexico, highlighting the economic disparities and questioning the underlying causes of these differences.

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On this episode of the podcast, we continue our discussion of Adam Smith. First, we look at two towns with the same name on opposite sides of the US-Mexico border, and consider why their residents have such markedly different standards of living. Next, we ask ourselves what determines a nation’s wealth, which leads us to a discussion of Mercantilism and its various pitfalls. Finally, we learn about Adam Smith’s response to Mercantilism and how his ideas relate back to the two cities from the beginning of the episode. All this and more on the latest episode of Philosophize This!

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