Howard Hunt Unleashed, Part 1: The CIA & Animal Farm
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<context>霍华德·亨特被释放，第一部分：中央情报局与动物庄园 在这个特别的《真实间谍》迷你剧集中，黛西·雷德利根据我们自己的历史研究和亨特的著作，呈现了他与小埃弗雷特·霍华德·亨特的一次戏剧性相遇。在第一部分中，亨特解释了他参与中央情报局最不寻常的心理战行动之一——支持1954年乔治·奥威尔的《动物庄园》动画版。来自SPYSCAPE，秘密之家。一个杯子和鼻子制作。系列制作人：乔·福利。由贾斯汀·特雷弗加恩制作。霍华德·亨特由伊恩·波特配音。尼克·瑞安作曲。了解更多关于您的广告选择的信息。访问megaphone.fm/adchoices</context> <raw_text>0 《真实间谍》由BetterHelp赞助。我是贾斯汀·特雷夫坎，我是《真实间谍》的制作人。你有没有感觉像是在踩着刹车开车？对任何局外人来说，你都符合成功生活的全部标准。但在内心深处，有些地方不对劲。好吧，在我寻求帮助之前，我就是这样。治疗是一种与自己相处的方式，开始理清这些感受。它为我打开了一条通往更快乐、更真实生活方式的道路。

起初，我完全反对治疗的想法。我认为这不适合我。但后来我毅然决然地报名了。有一个只为我而存在的人可以倾诉，改变了我的生活。我必须相信这个过程，这意味着我必须相信自己。这是我做过的最好的决定之一。

所以，如果你正在考虑开始接受一些治疗，为什么不试试BetterHelp呢？它完全在线，旨在方便、灵活，并完全符合您的时间安排。只需填写一份简短的问卷即可与持照治疗师匹配，您可以随时更换治疗师，无需额外收费。让BetterHelp成为您的大脑之友。访问betterhelp.com/SpiceCape，即可享受第一个月10%的折扣。网址是betterhelp，H-E-L-P点com。

/SpiceGabe。本播客是根据真实故事和真实事件改编的戏剧化作品。它是在对各种来源进行研究后创作的，包括E·霍华德·亨特的著作。出于戏剧性目的，播客包含虚构场景，包括想象中的对话。

播客中表达的观点和意见仅代表角色的观点和意见，不一定反映或代表那些角色所基于的个人的观点和意见。本故事还贯穿始终包含强烈的语言。这是《真实间谍》。带您深入了解有史以来最伟大的秘密任务的播客。

每周，您都会听到塑造我们所生活世界的行动背后的真实故事。《真实间谍》。您将遇到那些秘密生活的人。他们知道什么？他们的技能是什么？如果你处于他们的位置，你会怎么做？这是《真实间谍》。我们需要向高层证明，我们的工作对反苏战争至关重要。不仅仅是必要，而是至关重要。

是的，是时候开始拍电影了。如果迪士尼能做到，为什么中央情报局不能呢？我是黛西·雷德利，这是来自Spyscape工作室的《真实间谍》。在20世纪50年代初期，美国的间谍活动正在经历一场根本性的转变。虽然该国的欧洲盟友和敌人几十年来一直在实地部署经验丰富的间谍，但美国在情报方面远远落后。

这一切在1947年改变了，当时战略情报局成为中央情报局。如果美国要保持领先于敌人，就必须具备世界一流的情报收集能力。但是，虽然正统的情报收集工作正在加紧进行，但在中央情报局内部，一个更加阴险、隐秘的组织也在形成。

这是中央情报局的一部分，它不仅关注向军事和政治机构提供信息，还关注影响他们的决策和塑造他们的政策。该机构率先采用的最具争议性的策略之一是一种称为心理战的新型战争。这是中央情报局内部的一个部门，致力于通过战略性地使用宣传来改变人心。

这时，有人提出了一个想法，那就是选取一部受人尊敬的文学作品，将其改编成面向大众的电影。所讨论的“受人尊敬的作品”是著名英国作家乔治·奥威尔的《动物庄园》。在本集中，我们将讲述中央情报局的心理战部门如何将一部由左翼拥护者创作的广受赞誉的流行小说改编成反苏宣传作品，而没有人注意到。

绝对没有人知道是中央情报局在支持这个项目，甚至连制作这部电影的人都不知道。我们的向导是间谍史上最臭名昭著和最具争议的人物之一。埃弗雷特·霍华德·亨特，他的朋友们称他为霍华德·亨特，甚至霍维，是典型的冷战战士。25年来，亨特负责执行中央情报局执行的一些最臭名昭著的秘密任务。

这些任务也被称为“卑鄙伎俩”行动。受亨特幸存著作和历史研究的启发，《真实间谍》将他带回现实生活中，讲述他关于这个故事的明确和未经审查的一面。亨特确实是一个讲故事的人。准备好迎接中央情报局历史上最离奇的故事之一吧。

霍华德·亨特来自美国中产阶级家庭。他首先被战略情报局特立独行的局长“野比尔”多诺万招募，亨特亲身经历了行动，在向试图击退日本人的中国军队提供物资之前，揭露了一名潜伏在印度的双重间谍。

在那之后，他在墨西哥建立了第一个中央情报局站，在那里他学会了流利的西班牙语，这在以后会派上用场。他还于1949年与多萝西·韦策尔结婚。多萝西本人是前中央情报局雇员，曾在上海和巴黎工作，在那里她遇到了亨特。

与此同时，亨特还在培养同样成功的职业小说家生涯，创作广受欢迎的战争和间谍小说，为他赢得了古根海姆奖学金。这对他的机构工作来说是一个很好的掩护，但实际上，它不仅仅是掩护。我认为如果没有我的机构工作，我就写不出那些书。但我最享受哪一个？我承认，没有什么比美好的一天写作更令人兴奋的了。

霍华德·亨特已经成为中央情报局最值得信赖和最有效的行动人员之一，然而，在1950年，美国未能发现朝鲜入侵韩国的计划。美国情报的信誉遭受了重大挫折。在这个错误之后，新生的中央情报局面临着证明其存在及其预算的压力。

中央情报局成立的目的是进行研究、分析和收集情报。但随着朝鲜战争加剧的共产主义威胁，该机构内部的一些人认为，需要采取更极端的方法来赢得这场意识形态斗争。当然，中央情报局的成立章程中没有任何规定，其资金应用于卑鄙伎俩。

但这正是像霍华德·亨特这样的特工发现自己被吸引去做的。从这个意义上说，马歇尔计划是一份礼物。1947年的马歇尔计划是由美国牵头的倡议，旨在向欧洲国家提供财政援助，帮助它们在战争后重建其枯竭的经济。

这笔资金的主要用途是重建基础设施。它不是中央情报局的宣传工具。行动协调处处长弗兰克·魏斯纳炮制了这个主意，即“嘲笑鸟行动”，我们从中抽取盟国重建的官方资金，并将它们转移到心理战行动中。弗兰克·魏斯纳是中央情报局负责宣传和心理战部门的部门负责人。“嘲笑鸟行动”本质上是对所有媒体的全面攻击。

广播、电影、新闻界。为了永远扭转反共产主义的思想和意识形态潮流。我们知道，苏联拒绝了盟国关于在重建方面进行合作的提议。因此，我们别无选择，只能开始解构共产主义意识形态。别忘了，在第二次世界大战结束时，美国和苏联是正式的盟友。但这是一种出于必要而建立的伙伴关系。

击败纳粹主义是将他们团结在一起的原因。实际上，盟国担心共产主义日益增长的影响。战争后，我在维也纳第一次真正接触到共产主义。我很清楚，这是一种新型的邪恶。他们的秘密警察无处不在，他们只有一种处理与他们作对的人的方法，如果你明白我的意思的话。他们冷血地处决了他们。

这就引出了乔治·奥威尔和《动物庄园》。我们知道奥威尔这个人是左翼人士。他在西班牙内战中站在社会主义者一边战斗。在正常情况下，他是我们最不想把他的话改编成电影的人。但作为一个作家，我认为有一种方法可以讲述这个关于一群动物接管农场及其可怕后果的故事……

集体行动将与我们关于世界应该如何运作和不应该如何运作的想法完美融合。西班牙内战也揭示了斯大林为传播正统共产主义意识形态所采取的极端措施。乔治·奥威尔亲身目睹了这种残酷行为。

斯大林登场。

苏联领导人看到一个机会，可以通过支持左翼势力对抗佛朗哥来增强苏联事业。他向西班牙派遣特工和弹药，与民主选举产生的西班牙共和党人并肩作战。斯大林知道，西班牙社会主义者的胜利将是对国际共产主义的良好宣传。但斯大林对西班牙左翼的支持付出了沉重甚至致命的代价。斯大林输出的不仅仅是武器。

斯大林的秘密警察内务人民委员部开始追捕并残酷地处决反对共产主义的西班牙共和党人。西班牙共产党接管了反对法西斯的斗争，但这内部冲突最终削弱了对佛朗哥训练有素且更有效的军队的抵抗。抵抗失败了，西班牙变成了法西斯独裁统治。

奥威尔对他自己在西班牙的经历感到震惊。他直言不讳地批评苏联。有传言说他的生命处于危险之中，他被迫避开斯大林主义者出没的地方。甚至他在伦敦的一些当地酒吧也成了禁区。尽管出生于特权家庭，奥威尔还是将自己确立为一位有影响力的左翼评论员。

通过《通往威根码头的路》和《在巴黎和伦敦的流落生活》等书籍，他成为穷人的强烈拥护者，并对剥削和压迫他们的贪婪的工业家阶级进行了严厉批评。苏联俄罗斯的真正恐怖行为尚未完全向世界揭露，但警告信号很明显。

希特勒被击败后，来自东方的新的可怕威胁出现了。斯大林主义暴力的威胁跟随奥威尔走到哪里都跟着他。我听说他在45年在巴黎遇到了海明威。显然，他非常害怕被四处活动的苏联特工清除，他向海明威要了一支枪。奥威尔对极权主义致命威胁的文学回应是立即成为经典的《动物庄园》。

这本书是一部精彩的政治寓言，一群农场动物推翻了一位腐败、剥削的农民，接管了农场。奥威尔将人类剥削动物的方式与富人剥削工人的方式进行了直接比较。但是，与苏联发生的事情一样，动物革命者本身也被权力腐蚀了。他们的方法最终比农民更具有压迫性。

不难看出奥威尔是如何明确地将矛头指向斯大林及其扭曲的、反乌托邦式的共产主义形式的。这就是为什么这本书对我们有吸引力。我们知道这是一个强有力的信息，每个人都会明白。

与亨特的通俗小说不同，《动物庄园》最初难以找到出版商。它对斯大林主义的批评被大西洋两岸许多左倾出版商认为有害于国际社会主义的整体事业。

然而，到1946年它最终在美国发行时，这本书已经开始吸引人们的想象力，这时亨特的计划遇到了第一个障碍。军情六处已经向出版商提出了改编权的报价。一场将奥威尔的畅销书改编成轰动一时的电影的竞赛开始了，这时亨特的计划遇到了下一个障碍。奥威尔去世了。

事实证明，奥威尔在《动物庄园》出版前后感染了肺结核。你知道，这是一种相当糟糕的死法。垂死的奥威尔在他生命的最后几个月再婚了，他的遗孀索尼娅现在完全控制着遗产。最近，她在历史学家中的地位有所提高，但在当时，索尼娅·奥威尔被认为是一个贪财的投机者。当我第一次读这本书时，奥威尔生病了，而且很孤独。我们当时应该提出我们的报价。

在我预料到的所有挑战中，我没有考虑到会有一个新妻子站在我们和我们的电影之间。但索尼娅·奥威尔最终放弃电影版权的代价不是金钱，尽管她也想要钱。这是更难以获得的东西。她想见国王。国王不是某个欧洲皇室成员。不，索尼娅·奥威尔想被介绍给她心目中的英雄，好莱坞之王。

对当时任何活着的人来说，这意味着她想见克拉克·盖博。灯光、摄像机、开拍。“嘲笑鸟行动”迄今为止面临的最大挑战。与白瑞德本人约会。容易吧？♪

对于我们年轻的听众来说，克拉克·盖博可能不是最熟悉的名字，但到了20世纪40年代末，这位英俊的演员已经成为世界上最受欢迎和最赚钱的电影明星。在他扮演的许多令人难忘的角色中，没有一个比白瑞德更成功或更能定义他的职业生涯，白瑞德是《乱世佳人》中英勇无畏的英雄。

《乱世佳人》至今仍位列有史以来票房最高的五部电影之列。好吧，幸运的是，我比军情六处的朋友们有两个优势。第一，我自己也在好莱坞待过一段时间。这是真的。在他出版第三本书《城里陌生人》之后，亨特被吸引到洛杉矶，试图在那里尝试一下编剧的运气。我以传统的方式被款待了几周。

漂亮女孩，香槟，所有的一切。我很快了解到，当你承诺一切，当你拥有所有的一切时，你永远不会像现在这样有吸引力。一旦我开始编写实际的剧本，款待就慢了下来，女孩们变得不那么漂亮了，直到完全停止。那是我肥胖的好莱坞生涯的开始。亨特还坚持认为，尽管很难证明，但他的好莱坞前景受到其政治倾向的限制。每个人都知道好莱坞是一个自由主义的城镇。

另一方面，亨特自己承认，他的剧本不太好。也许这在限制他的梦想方面起了作用。

这也是红色恐慌的开始，好莱坞的精英左翼圈子正在关闭他们的队伍，以避免渗透和被列入黑名单。这在招募盖博先生的服务时被证明是有利的。国王是银色城镇中罕见的东西，一个共和党人。他站在我们这边。盖博也是一位战争英雄。他曾与女演员卡萝尔·隆巴德结婚。

他们是他们那个时代的伯顿和泰勒，电影界最受瞩目的情侣。但当隆巴德在飞机失事中丧生时，盖博的精神健康状况恶化了。在抑郁症的驱使下，他参军并在欧洲执行战斗任务。在作为一名受勋的战争英雄回到美国后，盖博再次结婚，但这段关系很快就破裂了。很明显，他从未真正从隆巴德的去世中走出来。

所以我们必须引诱这位沮丧、内向、心碎的万人迷与一位臭名昭著、追求地位的拜金女约会。会有什么问题呢？奥威尔的传记作家对索尼娅·奥威尔与克拉克·盖博见面时发生了什么，或者这次约会是否真的发生过存在分歧。相信我，这是真的。我做到了。无论如何，在与索尼娅和奥威尔的经纪人反复沟通后，版权交易达成一致。

索尼娅·奥威尔并没有认为她是在将自己心爱的丈夫的杰作授权给中央情报局。但亨特的磨难才刚刚开始。你好，《真实间谍》的听众。本集是在六月之旅的支持下制作的，这是一个引人入胜的小游戏，你可以在你的手机上立即玩。既然你在听这个节目，可以肯定的是你喜欢一个好的谜团，一些引人入胜的侦探工作，

以及一个或两个比生命还大的角色。你可以在六月之旅中找到所有这些东西。在游戏中，你将扮演六月·帕克的角色，一个勇敢的业余侦探，试图查明她姐姐的谋杀案。这一切都发生在咆哮的20年代，

我非常喜欢融入这个世界的所有细致的时代细节。我不想透露太多，因为六月之旅的真正乐趣在于看看这场冒险会把你带到哪里。但我刚刚到达故事中发生在巴黎的部分，我非常兴奋地回到那里。就像我说的，如果你喜欢一个耸人听闻的小谜团，那就试试吧。当你在iOS和Android上免费下载六月之旅时，发现你内心的侦探。

你好，听众们。我是安妮·博格尔，作家、博主和播客《我接下来应该读什么？》的创作者。自2016年以来，我一直在帮助读者为他们的阅读生活带来更多快乐和喜悦。每周，我都会与一位嘉宾一起讨论书籍和阅读的一切，并指导他们发现他们接下来要读的内容。

他们分享了三本他们喜欢的书，一本他们不喜欢的书，以及他们最近一直在读的书。我推荐三本他们可能接下来会喜欢阅读的书。嘉宾们说，我们的谈话就像治疗一样，解决了困扰他们阅读生活多年，甚至可能困扰他们余生的问题。当然，还要推荐符合当下时刻的书籍，无论他们是在寻找深刻的反省来激励或鼓励生活上的改变，还是寻找泡沫般的惊险小说来帮助他们摆脱工作的压力，或者是一本他们已经阅读多年的书。

学校，一切。你将了解自己作为读者的某些方面，你肯定会充满信心地选择接下来要读的内容，并有一整套新的书籍和作者可以尝试。所以，每周二加入我们收听《我接下来应该读什么？》吧！现在就在你收听本播客的任何地方订阅，并访问我们的网站whatshouldireadnextpodcast.com了解更多信息。随着电影版权的获得，亨特需要一位制作人加入，以拉开中央情报局与该项目之间的距离。路易斯·德·罗什蒙登场。

路易斯·德·罗什蒙特是那些我通常有点讨厌的美国贵族之一。他是休格诺派的后裔，每个人都一直告诉我。无论如何，事实证明德·罗什蒙特是一位伟大的电影制作人和爱国者。像我一样讨厌共产主义者，这使得他很容易被魏斯纳说服。魏斯纳已经成为霍华德·亨特的某种父亲形象，而亨特渴望讨好他的老板。他是一个行动派。在一个充满夸夸其谈的人的世界里，他们往往会脱颖而出。行动派。

这些是亨特所吸引的那种人，他无疑将自己视为其中一员。值得考虑一下为什么，因为它可以告诉我们很多关于他职业轨迹的信息。亨特总是对他在社会中的地位感到不安全，这种不安全感一直困扰着他直到他去世的那一天。而且，像他的另一个英雄理查德·尼克松一样，亨特养成了愤世嫉俗的态度。按照美国的标准，亨特很讲究，但还不够讲究。

他敏锐地意识到，社会上有一个他无法进入的精英阶层，就在他的触手可及之处，这反过来又导致他迷恋上了这些行动派，例如战略情报局特立独行的局长“野比尔”多诺万，现在是魏斯纳，最终也许是他所有英雄中最伟大的英雄，即阴险的中央情报局局长艾伦·杜勒斯。

所有这些人，可以说都是亨特父亲的投射。爸爸是一名律师，但他不是那种油腻的常春藤盟校类型。他靠工作为生。如有必要，他会将法律掌握在自己手中。当他的一个商业伙伴携款潜逃时，他乘坐第一架飞机飞往哈瓦那，独自一人将这个人带了回来。我想这教会了我关于生活的一课。如果你想完成某件事，如果你自己动手做，你会看到最好的结果。

这让我们回到了《动物庄园》。随着德·罗什蒙特被批准为电影的官方制作人，中央情报局的资金也到位了，本来应该一帆风顺的。

好吧，这是为了效果而夸大了，但是是的，我们有点低估了时间和实际成本，更不用说制作这些东西的其他所有事情了。根据德·罗什蒙特的建议，为了避免任何人怀疑电影的真正支持者是谁，德·罗什蒙特说服亨特和中央情报局，制作这部电影的最佳地点是英国。唯一的问题……

英国没有能够制作这种长篇电影的动画工作室。那时，动画电影的制作方式极其费力。卡通的每一帧都必须手工绘制，而运动的错觉是通过对每一幅画进行微小的调整来 painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly 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painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstakingly painstaking

而“嘲弄鸟行动”必须成功，才能确保中央情报局心理战部队的持续生存能力，并增强该机构的信誉。在一个超期一年或更长时间的项目上花费巨额资金，将严重破坏目标。但在纽约召开编剧峰会后，德罗什蒙特仍然无法说服电影制作人采纳中央情报局的所有改动。

我们一直玩错了。这些自由主义者，没有什么比默默无闻更令他们害怕的了。他们的电影无法完成，远比我们提出的编辑建议更糟糕。因此，中央情报局打出了他们的王牌，威胁要停止追加资金。德罗什蒙特要么必须寻找替代资金，要么他和电影制作人必须接受对故事的修改。你可以看出事情的走向。

为了挽救项目的完整性，哈拉斯建议恢复最初更含糊不清的结局，该结局拒绝了所有形式的极权统治，不仅是共产主义，但没有成功。他以为我们有多蠢？制作现在已经持续到第三年了。

德罗什蒙特将电影制作人逼到了极限，以达到中央情报局规定的完成期限。这意味着要么接受该机构对故事的要求，要么无法按时完成电影。到1954年夏天，《动物庄园》的动画制作完成了。巴切勒和哈拉斯希望能松一口气。剩下的只有旁白了。回想起来，我认为旁白一直是我们拯救这部电影的方式。

哎呀，清除掉了奥威尔任何残留的坏主意。为了扩大电影的吸引力，电影制作人聘请了一位美国演员戈登·希思来配音旁白。但这对中央情报局来说还不够。他们想要控制每一个字。最终，旁白被改写了七次，中央情报局才签字同意。

有趣的是，当你仔细想想，我认为公平地说，我们最终的行为就像一个制片厂一样。从他们的角度来看，我不羞于承认，我对这些媒体巨头比我四处兜售我的剧本时更有同情心了。《动物庄园》于1954年12月29日举行了世界首映式。所有电影制作人都出席了。

这部故事片卡通，也是英国有史以来第一部故事片卡通，终于上映了，那种如释重负的感觉是显而易见的。这绝非易事。

制作《动物庄园》耗费了30万工时和25万张图画。然而，评论褒贬不一。在当今文化战争的预热中，许多左倾评论家认为这部电影对共产主义的谴责过于宽泛，而右翼评论家则抱怨它做得还不够。英国的回应，忠于本土的奥威尔，对修改后的结局尤其敌视。

按照今天的标准，这部电影是一部失败之作。尽管如此，我仍然为我们对《动物庄园》所做的一切感到自豪。它可能不是《乱世佳人》，但我认为它经得起考验。没有人会大声说出来，但我认为它也帮助了这本书。我听说在城市被分割时，它在西德的课程中出现过。你是在告诉我，如果不是因为我们的电影，所有这些年轻人都会读到这本书吗？

而备受赞誉的民主社会主义者、被压迫者的捍卫者和极权主义的敌人乔治·奥威尔，其《动物庄园》的改编作品是由中央情报局资助的，这并没有逃过亨特的法眼。你可以说我们最后笑了，如果这就是你思考这些事情的方式。我们做了我们想做的事情，得到了我们想要的东西。有多少制片厂大亨能这么说呢？但这并不是“嘲弄鸟行动”的结束。

中央情报局的反共宣传工具将继续运作，直到20世纪70年代被调查记者揭露。这些记者揭露了一个庞大的影响网络，该网络收买了《时代》周刊、《新闻周刊》、哥伦比亚广播公司、《纽约时报》以及许多其他媒体的作家，让他们刊登由中央情报局策划，甚至撰写的文章。至于霍华德·亨特，到《动物庄园》上映时，他已经转而从事其他事情了。

行动的号召太强烈了，无法忽视。事实证明，如果你想与共产主义作斗争，你必须真正地与之作斗争。到1954年，我们的电影即将完成时，我已经全身心地投入到整个危地马拉事件中了。然后，仅仅五年后，菲德尔·卡斯特罗出现了，一切都变了。对我们国家安全的威胁不再是假设性的。突然之间，在大陆90英里外出现了一个真正的苏联傀儡政权。亨特是随后试图推翻卡斯特罗的行动中不可或缺的人物。

臭名昭著的猪湾行动也许是美国迄今为止最公开的政权更迭尝试。但这个故事接下来将带我们去猪湾事件很久以后。到1972年的华盛顿特区和民主党全国委员会办公室，这是一组建筑物，更广为人知的是水门大厦。下周请收听第二部分。我是黛西·雷德利。

你可以在SpiceGate+的订阅者专享的特别加长版节目中，了解更多关于奥威尔在西班牙内战中的经历以及《动物庄园》的创作过程。而《动物庄园》电影的原始手绘画面正在展出，并可在SpiceGate购买。访问SpiceGate.com/Animal Farm了解更多详情。

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