True Spies Debriefs: Mubin Shaikh on the Psyche of an Extremist
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Deep Dive
What is the origin of the term 'formers' in the context of extremism?
The term 'formers' refers to former extremists who have left their extremist groups and now assist others in exiting similar movements. It was formalized after a 2011 summit in Dublin, where former extremists from various groups shared their experiences and commonalities.
How does Mubin Shaikh approach self-disclosure when working with individuals involved in extremism?
Mubin Shaikh deliberately starts his conversations by sharing his own story as a former extremist and undercover operative. He does this to ensure transparency and to address potential objections upfront, emphasizing his role as an ally rather than an adversary.
What are the key differences between disengagement and de-radicalization?
Disengagement involves stepping back from extremist activities while still holding onto some beliefs, whereas de-radicalization involves a cognitive shift, changing one's mind and views completely. Disengagement is a behavioral shift, while de-radicalization is a deeper, ideological transformation.
Why does Mubin Shaikh believe that radicalization does not always lead to violence?
Mubin Shaikh explains that while radicalization is the process of adopting increasingly extreme views, the vast majority of radicalized individuals never become violent. Only a small minority act on their extremist beliefs.
How has the internet influenced the age of individuals becoming radicalized?
The internet has led to younger individuals becoming radicalized, as their still-developing brains are bombarded with complex extremist ideas that they cannot fully process. This results in a superficial understanding of extremist ideologies.
What is the role of grievances in the process of radicalization?
Grievances alone do not lead to extremism; they must be paired with ideology. Ideology without grievances does not resonate, and grievances without ideology are not acted upon. Both elements are necessary for radicalization to occur.
How does Mubin Shaikh's work as an intervention specialist differ from traditional mental health approaches?
Mubin Shaikh uses a combination of peer support, motivational interviewing, and his own experience as a former extremist to engage with individuals. Traditional mental health professionals may lack the specific knowledge of extremist ideologies needed to effectively communicate with radicalized individuals.
What impact has working with extremists had on Mubin Shaikh's faith?
Mubin Shaikh acknowledges that his work has sometimes been challenging for his faith, particularly when dealing with extremist interpretations of Islam that contradict mainstream Islamic teachings. He feels saddened by the damage extremist ideologies have done to the image of Islam.
What is the role of Parents for Peace in countering extremism?
Parents for Peace is a U.S.-based organization that provides support to families dealing with radicalized members. They offer a helpline and intervention services to help families navigate the challenges of de-radicalization and disengagement.
How does Mubin Shaikh suggest engaging with individuals who hold extremist views?
Mubin Shaikh advises against shutting down communication with individuals who hold extremist views. Instead, he suggests offering a utilitarian perspective, acknowledging their grievances, and modeling balanced behavior to encourage critical thinking and dialogue.
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