We're sunsetting PodQuest on 2025-07-28. Thank you for your support!
Export Podcast Subscriptions
cover of episode How Banks Turned Into Giant Synthetic Hedge Funds

How Banks Turned Into Giant Synthetic Hedge Funds

2025/2/21
logo of podcast Odd Lots

Odd Lots

AI Deep Dive AI Chapters Transcript
People
E
Elham Saeidinezhad
Topics
Elham Saeidinezhad: 我认为硅谷银行的倒闭并非简单的风险管理失误,而是银行试图转型为合成对冲基金的典型案例。他们利用利率互换等工具复制对冲基金的固定收益套利策略,而非传统的风险规避策略。这体现在他们进出利率互换的时机以及对收益率曲线的预测上。此外,他们还通过提供资本抽调信贷额度,试图成为私募股权投资的合成有限合伙人,以获得更高的回报。这种行为并非源于无能,而是他们试图将对冲基金的策略融入银行的传统业务模式。然而,由于受到监管和资本要求的限制,他们缺乏灵活性和时间,最终导致失败。 我认为,监管机构应该改变视角,从另类投资基金的商业模式和产业组织的角度来评估银行的行为,而不是仅仅将其视为传统银行。如果银行不想做银行,监管机构应该改变自身,创造一个更安全的环境,而不是限制银行的行为。 SVB 的案例并非个例,它反映了银行商业模式的转变趋势。越来越多的银行正在尝试采用类似的策略,监管机构需要适应这种变化。 Tracy Alloway: 我们讨论了银行是否在对冲或交易,以及他们是否试图建立类似于对冲基金或私募股权结构的抵押品以获得更高的回报。SVB 的案例是否具有普遍性?即使没有利率互换问题,SVB 的债券投资组合也会遭受巨大损失,他们也误判了存款基础。这些都是银行的重大失败。 我们还讨论了监管问题,如果银行不想做银行,我们该如何阻止它们?Elham 指出,如果银行正在转向合成对冲基金模式,那么监管机构的首要任务是改变自身,创造更安全的环境,而不是简单地限制银行的行为。 Joe Weisenthal: 我长期以来一直认为 SVB 是一家不错的银行,他们非常认真地对待自己的业务。然而,他们也犯了很多错误,误判了存款基础的波动性,并且可能缺乏像大多数银行那样的传统贷款机会。 在硅谷,银行可能并不仅仅想做一家银行,他们也希望获得类似于股权的潜在收益。SVB 的案例虽然特殊,但它反映了银行系统中存在的张力:银行不想再仅仅做银行了,他们正在寻找替代方案,这些方案通常存在于另类投资领域。SVB 的倒闭并非简单的个案,它预示着银行商业模式的转变。

Deep Dive

Chapters
This chapter explores Elham Saeidinezhad's perspective on Silicon Valley Bank (SVB), arguing that its activities resembled those of a hedge fund rather than a traditional bank. The discussion centers on SVB's off-balance-sheet and on-balance-sheet operations, analyzing their risk management strategies and comparing them to those of a hedge fund.
  • SVB engaged in activities similar to a hedge fund, termed 'synthetic hedge fund' activities.
  • These activities involved both on-balance-sheet and off-balance-sheet operations.
  • SVB's interest rate swap positions were analyzed to determine if they were hedging or trading activities.
  • The timing of entering and exiting these positions aligned more with a hedge fund's strategy than a bank's risk management approach.

Shownotes Transcript

Hedge funds are notorious for making big and sometimes risky trades. Banks, meanwhile, are supposed to be a lot more boring by comparison — for obvious reasons. But in recent years, we've seen banks like Silicon Valley Bank make some pretty bad bets themselves. Elham Saeidinezhad, an assistant economics professor at Barnard College, Columbia University, argues that banks have been turning into giant "synthetic hedge funds" by blending traditional lending activities with advanced financial strategies. The big question, of course, is whether they should be doing this at all, given that banks typically operate with a lot more regulatory constraint and might not be as nimble when it comes to entering or exiting positions.

Read more:SVB’s 44-Hour Collapse Was Rooted in Treasury Bets During Pandemic)SVB Failure Sparks Blame Game Over Trump-Era Regulatory Rule)The Thorny Question of Why We Treat Banks Differently At All?) Only Bloomberg - Business News, Stock Markets, Finance, Breaking & World News) subscribers can get the Odd Lots newsletter in their inbox each week, plus unlimited access to the site and app. Subscribe at  bloomberg.com/subscriptions/oddlots)

See omnystudio.com/listener) for privacy information.