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cover of episode Butter vs. margarine: What does science say?

Butter vs. margarine: What does science say?

2023/8/10
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ZOE Science & Nutrition

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Dr. Sarah Berry
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Jonathan Wolfe
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Jonathan Wolfe:本期节目探讨黄油和人造黄油对健康的不同影响,并尝试解答哪个更健康的问题。节目回顾了两种食品的历史,人造黄油的出现是为了满足军队对低成本替代品的需要,其制作工艺也经历了从使用动物脂肪和牛奶到现代化学技术的转变。通过对美国近百年黄油和人造黄油消费量数据的分析,发现两者消费量此消彼长,人造黄油在20世纪50年代一度超越黄油,但在2013年后,黄油重新占据主导地位。 Dr. Sarah Berry:黄油和人造黄油的主要区别在于饱和脂肪和不饱和脂肪的比例。黄油饱和脂肪含量高,可能升高LDL胆固醇,增加炎症,影响凝血等身体过程。人造黄油的生产工艺在过去几十年里发生了变化,特别是反式脂肪的含量显著下降。2007年,世界卫生组织提出减少工业化生产的反式脂肪的全球倡议,目前许多国家已经对反式脂肪含量进行了限制。 人造黄油的生产方法因地区而异,美国采用完全氢化法,英国采用酯交换法,这导致了其脂肪酸成分的差异。虽然研究表明两者对健康的短期影响没有差异,但人造黄油属于超加工食品,其制作过程复杂,需要在实验室进行,在家中无法制作。 关于黄油和人造黄油对健康的长期影响,需要进一步研究。适量食用黄油对健康的影响很小,但过量食用则可能对健康有害。将黄油替换为人造黄油(不含反式脂肪)可以降低血液胆固醇,但需要进一步研究其长期影响。人造黄油中的一些成分(如乳化剂)对肠道菌群的影响尚不清楚,需要进一步研究。 Dr. Sarah Berry:总结来说,目前的研究表明,适量食用黄油对健康的影响相对较小,而将黄油替换为不含反式脂肪的现代人造黄油,短期内可以降低血液胆固醇。然而,由于人造黄油属于超加工食品,其长期健康影响仍需进一步研究,特别是其中一些添加剂对肠道菌群的影响。此外,选择食用油时,还需考虑其在食物中的功能性作用,例如黄油的奶油质地和熔点等。

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Introduction to the debate on butter versus margarine and their health impacts.

Shownotes Transcript

Whether you’re frying, baking, or topping your toast, most of you will eat either butter or margarine at some point today. The fact that these spreads are such a staple means that we need to know their effects on our health. And It might surprise you to learn that this impact has changed quite dramatically over the past 20 years.

In today’s short episode of ZOE Science & Nutrition, Jonathan and Dr. Sarah ask: Which is healthier, butter or margarine? 

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Mentioned in today’s episode:

Margarine) from Science Direct      

Margarines: Historical approach, technological aspects, nutritional profile, and global trends) from Food Research International

Reduction of LDL-cholesterol as a result of the change from butter to soft margarine) from Polish Archives of Internal Medicine

Americans' per capita consumption of margarine & butter) from the USDA

Episode transcripts are available here).

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