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cover of episode Note from Elie 3/26: DOJ’s Selective Do-Nothing Era

Note from Elie 3/26: DOJ’s Selective Do-Nothing Era

2025/3/26
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The Counsel

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Elie Honig
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我观察到司法部对不同政治人物处理机密文件行为的处理标准不一致,这体现了选择性执法。希拉里·克林顿使用私人邮箱服务器事件经过多年调查,最终FBI局长宣布她“极其粗心”,但未被起诉。而唐纳德·特朗普将机密文件带到海湖庄园则被起诉,如果他没有赢得2024年大选,可能会入狱。乔·拜登在家中和办公室保存机密文件事件,司法部任命特别检察官,结论是他“故意保留和披露机密材料”,但最终未被指控。 国防和国家安全高级官员通过Signal应用讨论军事打击行动细节,这一事件与上述案例形成鲜明对比,我预测司法部不会对此进行调查。这将成为新常态。在总检察长邦迪犹豫不决、注意力分散的领导下,司法部迄今为止没有提及Signal丑闻。邦迪和其他司法部领导层肯定知道发生了什么,但我相信司法部不会采取任何行动来调查此事。 即使在故事开始之初,结局已经很明显了。没有人会因为司法部的指控而被起诉,甚至不会受到有意义的调查。这是我的大胆预测。如果我错了,如果司法部确实就此展开了一项真正的刑事调查(顺便说一句,掩盖事实的表面文章不算),那就把这篇文章扔回我的脸上,好好嘲笑一番吧。 我不会像那些前检察官那样,只读几篇新闻报道就断言这是一世纪的罪行,我们需要立即提起诉讼。通常情况下,像这里一样,当一个故事第一次被报道时,我们知道一些关键事实,但我们还没有所有必要的细节。现实世界的起诉比简单的按图索骥要复杂得多,我们不能简单地勾选法律要素,然后宣布案件成立。检察官必须在技术要求之外行使自由裁量权,他们需要考虑刑事指控的实际前景和影响。因此,现在就宣布应该对人们提起诉讼有点过分。但公开记录中已经有足够多的内容来证明和要求进行调查。 根据Goldberg的报道,检察官应该考虑触犯了处理敏感政府信息不当的联邦法律。这项法律规定了三个主要要素,必须证明才能支持刑事指控。首先,信息必须“与国防有关”。Goldberg在他的文章中谨慎地没有透露敏感的作战细节,但他透露,Signal短信链包含了关于对也门胡塞武装进行即将到来的军事袭击的计划信息。事件曝光后,国防部长皮特·赫格塞思愤怒地辩解说,他没有向任何人发送过战争计划。 但是,这种巧妙的(如果不是非常聪明的话)文字游戏本身就站不住脚。赫格塞思要么在撒谎,要么国家安全委员会已经证实了Goldberg文章中报道的短信的真实性,要么他在这里玩弄某种律师式的游戏,秘密地为“战争计划”之类的术语赋予一些非常具体、不适用的定义,然后坚持认为无论发生了什么,都不符合他为此设定的特殊标准。也许在他看来,如果没有宣战,那就不算战争计划。 谁知道呢?事实是,短信详细地描述了军事打击的目标、武器和顺序,而军事打击最终正如参与者讨论的那样发生了。我们可以很容易地勾选这个框。其次,信息必须“从其适当的保管场所移除”。同样,这看起来很简单。带有记者的Signal群组短信显然不是任何机密或敏感信息的适当保管场所,更不用说具体的军事行动计划了。 最近我在一个工作项目中与一位82岁的老人取得联系。当我问他如何保持联系时,他随意地回答说,哦,就在Signal上发短信给我。这不是严格意义上的法律规范,但一般来说,如果一个82岁的老人和我(顺便说一下,多年来,我查找CNN网页的方式是谷歌搜索CNN,然后点击顶部搜索结果)都在使用Signal聊天,那么它对于美国军方和国家安全机构的最高级别来说就不够安全了。 第三个要求是最棘手的,即一个人以“重大过失”行事。大多数刑事法规都要求某种程度的故意性,但这是为数不多的基于本质上令人震惊的粗心大意而构成犯罪的联邦法律。现在,我们需要更多信息。Signal短信链是如何开始的?它运行了多久?参与者使用的是政府发放的手机还是私人手机?有没有人对安全风险表示担忧?或者有没有人受到警告?参与者为什么选择通过与一群老大学同学在梦幻足球联赛中相同的方式进行沟通? 现实情况是,我们很可能永远无法了解这些关键问题的答案,更准确地说,司法部永远不会了解。我希望记者会继续追踪这个故事,并获得更多信息。对于邦迪和她的领导层来说,这是一个完美的视而不见的方法。如果他们从不开案,也不调查,那么他们就永远不会拥有做出可能艰难的检察决定所需的所有事实。在日常生活中,幸福的无知可能有其优点,但它并不是美国司法部的理想基石。 邦迪是可以被原谅的,因为众所周知,她的注意力集中在其他紧迫的国家事务上,发布了装满与杰弗里·爱泼斯坦相关的毫无意义文件的活页夹,追捕那些胆敢代表总统认为令人讨厌的利益的律师事务所。公开奉承埃隆·马斯克和狗狗币,并誓言要追捕他们的折磨者到天涯海角。因为埃里克·亚当斯承诺成为一个良好、顺从的市长而撤销了他的起诉书。主持庆祝集会,总统在集会上随意地将检察官称为可怕的人、败类、疯子和暴徒,这是他的原话。 一位总检察长怎么能处理所有这些事情,还能有时间将一项紧迫的国家安全调查分配给司法部自己的国家安全部门呢?因此,无论Signal群聊中的人是否应该被起诉,我可以毫不犹豫地说:有人需要调查一下。我可以更加自信地说:没有人会调查。

Deep Dive

Chapters
The DOJ's handling of the Hillary Clinton email server investigation, the Donald Trump classified documents case, and the Joe Biden classified documents case is compared to its apparent inaction regarding the Signal app scandal involving national security officials. The author predicts the DOJ will not investigate the Signal scandal.
  • Unequal application of justice in similar cases involving mishandling of classified information.
  • Prediction that the DOJ will not investigate the Signal app scandal.
  • Highlighting the apparent double standard in how the DOJ handles cases involving high-profile individuals.

Shownotes Transcript

Translations:
中文

Thanks to IP.

Learn more at phrma.org slash IPWorksWonders. Hey everyone, Ellie here, wishing you a happy Wednesday. Well, this is it. I'm officially retiring the joke, I guess you can call it a joke, that I make seemingly every week about how normally we do Fridays, but something crazy happens, so we're doing Tuesday, Wednesday. You get it, you've heard it a million times. You probably understand how my kids feel now. I do tend to repeat my jokes. I'm retiring this one. Everything's crazy. It's Trump 2.0. You never know when stuff's gonna happen. We're gonna do our best to keep up with it.

As always, love to hear your thoughts, questions, comments. So keep them coming. Letters at Cafe.com. When Hillary Clinton used a private email server while she was Secretary of State, she became the subject of a years-long Justice Department investigation that culminated with a public announcement by the FBI director that she had been, quote, extremely careless, end quote, but would not be indicted.

When Donald Trump took dozens of classified documents to his gilded ballroom and bathroom at Mar-a-Lago, he got indicted and he might've ended up in prison if he hadn't won the 2024 election. And when it emerged that Joe Biden kept classified documents at his private home and office, DOJ under Biden himself appointed a special counsel who concluded that Biden had quote, willfully retained and disclosed classified materials end quote, but on balance should not be charged.

But don't expect the same scrutiny to apply where our nation's top defense and national security officials group chatted in the widely available Signal app about the operational details of an imminent military strike in plain view of a national journalist.

This will be the new normal. Under the halting, distracted leadership of Attorney General Pam Bondi, the Justice Department has made no mention thus far of the Signal scandal, which dominated news headlines since it broke on Monday. It's certain that Bondi and everyone else in DOJ leadership knows what happened, yet I feel confident predicting that the Justice Department won't lift a finger to investigate this mess.

Even as we stand at the start of the story, the end is already plain. Nobody's getting indicted or even meaningfully investigated by the Justice Department. There's my bold prediction. If I'm wrong and if DOJ does open up an actual criminal investigation here, and by the way, ass covering window dressing does not count, then throw this article right back in my face and have a laugh.

Now, I'm not going to be that former prosecutor guy who reads a couple stories in the press and declares definitively that it's the crime of the century and we need immediate indictments. Typically, as here, when a story first breaks, we know some key facts, but we don't yet have all the necessary details.

And real-world prosecution is more complex than a simple paint-by-numbers approach where we tick off the legal elements and declare the case proved. Prosecutors must exercise discretion beyond the technical requirements, and they need to consider the practical prospects and impact of a criminal charge. So it's a bit much to declare right now that people ought to be indicted. But there's more than enough in the public record to justify and require

Thank you.

Based on Goldberg's reporting alone, prosecutors should consider the federal law that criminalizes mishandling of sensitive government information. Now, that law gives us three primary elements that must be proven to support a criminal charge.

First, the information must, quote, relate to the national defense, end quote. Now, Goldberg's careful in his article not to disclose sensitive operational details, but he reveals that the Signal text chain contained information about planning for a then imminent military attack on the Houthi militia in Yemen. After the story broke, Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth sputtered furiously that he had not texted war plans to anybody, quote,

But that clever, if not very smart, attempt at wordplay fails on its face. Hegseth is either outright lying, the National Security Council has confirmed the authenticity of the text reported in Goldberg's article, or he's playing some sort of lawyerly game here where he secretly assigns some highly specific, inapplicable definition to a term like war plans and then maintains that whatever happened doesn't meet his special criteria for it. Perhaps in his view, it's not a war plan without a declared war

Who knows? The fact is the text related in detail to the targets, weapons, and sequencing of a military strike, which eventually happened precisely as the participants had discussed it. We can check this box easily.

Second, the information must have been, quote, removed from its proper place of custody, end quote. Again, this looks straightforward. A signal group text with a journalist attached is plainly not the proper place of custody for any classified or sensitive information, nevermind for specific military attention.

hack plans. I recently connected with an 82-year-old on a work project. When I asked him how he'd like to stay in touch, he casually replied, oh, just text me on Signal. This isn't exactly ironclad legal canon, but generally speaking, if an 82-year-old and I, and I should say, by the way, for years, the way I would find the CNN webpage is I would Google CNN and then click on the top search result

It's true. If we are using Signal to chat, then it's not sufficiently secure for the highest levels of the U.S. military and national security apparatus. The third requirement is the trickiest, that a person acted with, quote, gross negligent. Most criminal statutes require some level of intentionality, but this is the rare federal law that creates a crime based on essentially outrageous sloppiness.

Now, here's where we need more information. How did the signal text chain start? How long was it operational? Were the participants using government-issued or private phones? Did anybody express misgivings about the security risk? Or was anybody so warned? Why did the participants choose to communicate through the same means as a pack of old college buddies in a fantasy football league?

The reality is we'll likely never learn the answers to these key questions, or more precisely, DOJ will never learn. I expect journalists will continue to pursue the story and develop even more information. It's a perfect see-no-evil approach for Bondi and her brass.

If they never open a case and they never take a look, then they'll never have all the facts needed to make a potentially difficult prosecutorial call. Blissful ignorance can have its virtues in regular life, but it's not an ideal touchstone for the United States Department of Justice.

Bondi is to be forgiven here because heaven knows her attention has been focused on other pressing matters of state, releasing binders full of pointless documents relating to Jeffrey Epstein, pursuing law firms who have the gall to represent interests that the president finds vexatious.

Publicly fawning over Elon Musk and Doge and vowing to chase their tormentors to the ends of the earth. Throwing out the Eric Adams indictment because he's promised to be a good, compliant mayor. Hosting pep rallies at which the president casually refers to prosecutors as horrible people, scum, deranged, and thugs, his words.

How can one attorney general manage all that and still have time to assign a pressing national security investigation to the Justice Department's own national security division? So whether or not anyone in the Signal group chat crew ought to be indicted, I can say this much without hesitation. Somebody needs to take a look. And I can say this even more confidently. Nobody will. Thanks for listening, everyone. Stay safe and stay informed.