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cover of episode The Firebrand from Damascus (Part 2)

The Firebrand from Damascus (Part 2)

2023/8/2
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CONFLICTED
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Eamon Dean
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Thomas Small
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Thomas Small: 伊本·泰米耶的生平充满了争议，他的观点在当时就备受质疑，有人认为他是宗教的守护者，也有人认为他是魔鬼。他的思想复杂且矛盾，既有其天才之处，也有其激进的一面。他积极行使独立的教法推理（Ijtihad），挑战了传统教法，并对苏菲派中的某些现象提出了尖锐的批评。他的反蒙古法令以及对什叶派的批判，被后来的激进分子用来为暴力行为辩护。 Eamon Dean: 伊本·泰米耶是一位天才，但他的思想体系并不完整，容易被断章取义。他的著作反映了他所处时代的政治和军事动荡，因此充满了矛盾。他与苏丹纳西尔·穆罕默德之间的事件，被后来的激进分子解读为，如果统治者放弃圣战，人民有权推翻他。他对苏菲派的批判，并非完全反对苏菲主义，而是反对其某些过激行为。他与伊本·阿拉比在神学上的分歧，也体现了他对伊斯兰教义的独特理解。他的反蒙古法令，虽然在当时有一定的社会背景，却被后来的极端组织用来为攻击什叶派穆斯林提供理由。

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Ibn Taymiyyah lived during a time of Mongol invasions and internal religious conflicts. He actively resisted the Mongols and fought against heretical groups within Islam, cementing his status as a significant historical figure for modern Salafi jihadists.

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The later part of Ibn Taymiyyah’s life saw continued invasions from Mongol Hordes from the outside, and a battle against Sufi mystics in his own society. And for the man himself, it was defined by a continuation of one thing more than any other: a zeal against irreligion. While confronting the Mamluk Sultan and preaching anti-Mongol fatwas, he cemented himself as the great mediaeval scholar and warrior he is now remembered as. And he set an ideological precedent which modern Salafi jihadists continue to follow to this day.

This week’s episode of Conflicted sees us delve into the latter part of Ibn Taymiyyah’s thrilling life to understand what it can tell us about the Middle East today, and how the ripples of his fundamentalist ideology continue to influence the thought of so many radical Muslims.

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