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cover of episode What Went Wrong with Liberalism and How We Save it, with Samuel Moyn

What Went Wrong with Liberalism and How We Save it, with Samuel Moyn

2025/1/24
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Intelligence Squared

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Samuel Moyn: 我写作这本书的动机源于特朗普的当选,以及随之而来的关于自由主义的广泛争论。我认为自由主义在其起源(19世纪早期)时具有激进的本质,但它在20世纪中期发生了转变,这种转变与冷战时期有关。冷战时期的自由主义,特别是伊赛亚·伯林的消极自由概念,强调限制国家权力,这为新自由主义的兴起创造了条件。这种转变导致自由主义放弃了对分配公平、福利国家和教育机构等方面的关注,最终导致了如今自由主义的困境。我们需要重新审视自由主义的历史,恢复其最初的激进承诺,这包括关注经济公平、个人发展和社会进步。 此外,自由主义不应该仅仅关注经济,而应该将经济作为实现自由生活的手段。我们需要关注教育,使个人和群体能够过上更有创造力和意义的生活。冷战时期的自由主义者对苏联的恐惧导致他们放弃了对历史解放的诉求,这使得他们无法有效地应对特朗普的崛起。我们需要重新思考自由主义的策略,不仅要关注战术,还要关注大战略,明确我们想要实现的目标和价值观。 Adam McCauley: (无核心论点,主要负责引导话题和提问)

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How did Trump manage to get re-elected? In this episode Samuel Moyn, Chancellor Kent Professor of Law and History at Yale University, explores what he sees as the profound crisis facing liberalism and why many in the West have become disillusioned with it. Drawing from his latest book 'Liberalism against Itself: Cold War Intellectuals and the Making of Our Times', Moyn traces the roots of this crisis to the Cold War. The liberalism of the Cold War, he argues, betrayed the radical and emancipatory hopes of the Enlightenment and paved the way to the excesses of neoliberal economics. In conversation with researcher and writer Adam McCauley, Moyn outlines what it would take to restore liberalism's original radical promise.


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