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cover of episode Ray Dalio | The All-In Interview

Ray Dalio | The All-In Interview

2025/1/28
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All-In Podcast

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Dave Friedberg
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Ray Dalio
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Ray Dalio: 我认为美国正面临严重的债务危机。长期利率上升而短期利率下降或持平,表明市场对美国国债的信心下降。黄金和比特币价格上涨也印证了这一点。此外,美国政府的财政赤字巨大,债务服务成本过高,这使得美国政府难以偿还债务。为了避免债务危机,美国政府必须采取果断措施,例如削减财政赤字,控制通货膨胀。 我提出了一个"3%解决方案",即美国政府必须将财政赤字降至GDP的3%。这需要政府采取多种措施,包括削减支出和提高税收。虽然这听起来很严厉,但这是必要的,而且可以在经济良好的情况下进行。 重要的是,政府必须明确承诺实现这一目标,并采取行动来实现它。如果政府不能实现这一目标,那么美国将面临严重的经济后果。 此外,美国还必须关注地缘政治风险,例如与中国的科技竞争。这场竞争至关重要,其重要性超越利润。 投资者应该关注那些不易被技术进步所取代,且不易被征税、可移动的资产,例如黄金。 Dave Friedberg: 根据我的理解,美国正面临严重的债务危机。美国联邦政府债务已达到GDP的125%,自疫情以来持续攀升。疫情期间的大规模刺激导致通货膨胀,美联储加息,推高了借贷成本,长期利率飙升至2008年金融危机前的水平。美国政府每年赤字近2万亿美元,占GDP的近7%,仅利息支出就超过1万亿美元。美国国会预算办公室预测,未来十年美国国债将增加近24万亿美元,这还不包括政府可能实施的数万亿美元减税措施。 Ray Dalio的"3%解决方案"是一个很好的起点,但它需要政府和民众的共同努力。削减财政赤字需要政府做出艰难的决定,这可能会导致民众不满。 此外,美国还面临着地缘政治风险,例如与中国的科技竞争。这场竞争可能会进一步加剧美国的经济压力。 投资者应该关注那些不易被技术进步所取代,且不易被征税、可移动的资产,例如黄金。

Deep Dive

Chapters
This chapter delves into the concerning state of US federal government debt, exceeding $36 trillion, and its implications for the economy. It explores the mechanics of a looming debt crisis, using the analogy of a circulatory system to explain the build-up of debt and the potential for a 'heart attack'. The role of the Federal Reserve in monetizing the debt and the resulting inflationary pressures are also discussed.
  • US federal government debt exceeds GDP, reaching a debt-to-GDP ratio of 125%
  • Annual budget deficits are projected to be significantly higher than the average over the past 50 years
  • The debt service burden is rising, consuming a significant portion of government revenue
  • The mechanics of debt crises are explained using the analogy of a circulatory system and the concept of the 'big debt cycle'

Shownotes Transcript

(0:00) Ray Dalio joins Friedberg! (0:50) The current US fiscal situation (6:23) Breaking down "The Big Debt Cycle," a potential US debt spiral, and the impact on real wealth (24:54) USD vs other currencies and assets, best hedges against the dollar (33:20) Portfolio construction, how China increases risk for US AI companies, why this market reminds Ray of 1998-1999 (41:45) How the US can avoid a debt crisis (53:29) DOGE, Trump, and AI's greatest risk (1:05:31) Chances of conflict between the US and China

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Referenced in the show: https://tradingeconomics.com/united-states/government-debt-to-gdp https://www.crfb.org/press-releases/treasury-confirms-calendar-year-2024-deficit-tops-20-trillion https://www.cbo.gov/publication/61172 https://www.institutionalinvestor.com/article/2bstne1l09npgdk1s5yww/corner-office/ray-dalio-makes-his-exit-from-bridgewater https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/M2SL https://www.jpmorgan.com/insights/outlook/economic-outlook/fed-meeting-september-2024 https://www.forbes.com/sites/robertfarrington/2024/11/08/fed-cut-interest-rates-so-why-do-mortgage-rates-keep-climbing https://www.chathamfinancial.com/insights/fomc-recap-december-2024 https://www.cnbc.com/2025/01/14/a-global-bond-sell-off-is-deepening-as-hopes-for-multiple-fed-rate-cuts-fizzle.html

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