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cover of episode Andrew Smith, "Class and the Uses of Poetry: Symbolic Enclosures" (Palgrave Macmillan, 2024)

Andrew Smith, "Class and the Uses of Poetry: Symbolic Enclosures" (Palgrave Macmillan, 2024)

2025/1/24
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New Books in Critical Theory

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Andy Smith: 我长期以来对文学研究与社会学之间的交叉领域感兴趣,特别是人们如何使用文化文本以及塑造他们获取不同文化类型的更广泛力量。我的博士研究比较了苏格兰和尼日利亚读者对两部小说的阅读和理解,这让我对阅读的社会学产生了兴趣。本书关注的是人们对诗歌的回应,以及诗歌在多大程度上构成人们文化生活中的有意义部分。我批判性地审视了社会学对诗歌的两种处理方式:一是将其作为社会学研究的主题,二是将其作为社会学研究方法的灵感来源。我批评某些文化社会学忽视了文化的审美层面,认为这不足以理解诗歌的社会意义。诗歌不仅仅是象征性资本的体现,它还具有实际的用途和可能性。波迪厄的理论强调了文化实践与社会不平等之间的关系,但这忽略了不同文化实践的细微差别及其对不平等的影响。我们需要关注不同文化形式的 affordances,即它们赋予人们的可能性,这对于理解不平等至关重要。我通过组织诗歌阅读小组,邀请工人阶级读者参与讨论,来研究诗歌的阅读和理解。我发现,诗歌常常被视为不属于工人阶级读者,这是一种象征性暴力。参与者们对这种排斥感有清晰的认识,他们会批判性地反思这种现象,并将其与自身生活经验联系起来。他们通过合作性的“即兴诠释”,找到理解诗歌的方式。诗歌阅读并非一种孤立的个体活动,而是一种集体性的、对话性的实践。工人阶级读者并非被动地接受诗歌,而是积极地创造意义。然而,并非所有解读都具有同等价值,因为人们对诗歌的理解受到其知识背景和文化资本的影响。我批判波迪厄对自学成才的艺术家的描述过于简化,忽略了他们对文化领域的批判性反思。工人阶级诗人对诗歌领域的运作方式有清醒的认识,他们并非被动地接受既定的文化规范。诗歌的用途之一是提供“终结感”,这在当今快节奏的社会中尤为重要。诗歌能够创造一种专注、共鸣的沉默,这与当今社会中普遍存在的“无缝衔接”的文化体验形成对比。 Matt Dawson: 作为访谈者,我引导Andy Smith展开对诗歌社会学的讨论,并就其研究方法、发现以及对波迪厄理论的批判性反思提出问题。

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Sociologists have had surprisingly little to say about poetry as a topic while sometimes also making grandiose claims that sociology is/should be like poetry. These are the prompts which begin Andrew Smith’s* *Class and the Uses of Poetry: Symbolic Enclosures) (2024, Palgrave Macmillan). Drawing upon discussions with working class readers of poetry, and interviews with unpublished poets, Smith draws our attention to the ways in which poetry has been enclosed, or fenced off, from working class readers. Influenced by, though offering some criticisms, of, Bourdieu’s approach to the sociology of culture, he shows us how readers become aware of this enclosure but nevertheless engage in collective understanding of the poems they are presented with. In doing do, Smith reminds us of the need to emphasise the aesthetic elements of poetry, and culture more generally, including its creative and expressive affordances. A reader of his book realises that a critical sociology of poetry needs to attest not just to the symbolic capital in who is seen as ‘legitimate’ readers and producers of poetry but also how those shut off from it lose out on the uses of poetry.

Our discussion covers what led Smith to pursue this work, how sociology has, and might in future confront poetry, his experiences of running these reading groups and suggests why, perhaps, we should also perhaps reject the ‘society of the segue way’ and savour some of the finitude which poetry might offer.

Your host, Matt Dawson) is Professor of Sociology at the University of Glasgow and the author of G.D.H. Cole and British Sociology: A Study in Semi-Alienation) (2024, Palgrave Macmillan), along with other texts.

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