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cover of episode Kevin B. Anderson, "The Late Marx's Revolutionary Roads: Colonialism, Gender, and Indigenous Communism" (Verso, 2025)

Kevin B. Anderson, "The Late Marx's Revolutionary Roads: Colonialism, Gender, and Indigenous Communism" (Verso, 2025)

2025/6/9
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Kevin Anderson:我从四十年前就开始研究晚期马克思,这受到了我的导师Raya Denevzkaya的影响。我早期研究了《资本论》的法文版,并长期思考类似的主题。我断断续续地研究了大约40年,最终完成了这部精彩的著作。这本书对晚期马克思关于革命的观点进行了重要的重新审视,这与人们通常认为的马克思的观点不同。马克思一生都在做笔记,包括早期的政治经济学家,例如亚当·斯密。马克思的笔记部分用于他的出版作品,如《政治经济学批判》和《资本论》,但有些则没有。马克思在撰写关于印度和中国的文章时也会做笔记,但他在晚年出版的作品很少。在他生命的最后十年里,我们有这些笔记材料,他本打算将这些材料纳入他的出版物中,但我们没有看到最终成果。这些笔记涵盖了广泛的主题,包括民族学笔记、关于印度、东南亚(特别是印度尼西亚)的材料,以及关于其他前资本主义社会(如古罗马)的笔记。恩格斯利用了关于美洲原住民社会的笔记,并在此基础上写了《家庭、私有制和国家的起源》,但恩格斯并没有考察全部内容。我们有一系列关于非西方前资本主义社会和性别的著作,但马克思在生命的最后也在研究数学、自然科学和欧洲历史。马克思还做了关于数学、自然科学和欧洲历史的笔记,其中关于欧洲历史的笔记长度与他对印度问题的处理相当。人们多年来一直关注这部分内容,因为他在这组笔记中谈到了性别以及欧洲以外的社会,而我的书就是围绕这些笔记展开的。

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Kevin Anderson’s The Late Marx's Revolutionary Roads: Colonialism, Gender, and Indigenous Communism) (Verso, 2025) encourages to look again at the intellectual and political work of a figure some may assume has been exhausted: Karl Marx. Following on from his earlier landmark study Marx at the Margins: On Nationalism, Ethnicity and Non-Western Societies) (University of Chicago Press, 2016), this volume turns specifically to the ‘late Marx’. In this period (1869-82), Marx spent much of his time engrossed in the study of colonialism, agrarian Russia and India, Indigenous societies, and gender among many other less known topics of his interest. His notes, especially what come to be known as The Ethnological Notebooks, along with letters, essays and a scattering of published texts remain only poorly known (and in some cases unpublished or not yet fully translated into English) and form the backbone of Anderson’s study. They evidence a change of perspective, away from Eurocentric worldviews or unilinear theories of development. Anderson shows how the late Marx sees a wider revolution that included the European proletariat being touched off by revolts by oppressed ethno-racial groups, peasant communes, and Indigenous communist groups, in many of which women held great social power.

In our discussion, we highlight some of the key themes in the late Marx, bringing out the ways in which Marx is making connections across his writings, how colonial subjects in Ireland and India share commonalities and what can be seen when we look at communal social forms in Russia and among Native Americans. We also discuss why Marx can be seen as a decolonial thinker, consider what he might have produced had he lived longer and the ways in which the late Marx can be presented to students to complement his central themes of class and capitalism.

Your host, Matt Dawson) is Professor of Sociology at the University of Glasgow and the author of G.D.H. Cole and British Sociology: A Study in Semi-Alienation) (Palgrave Macmillan, 2024), along with other texts.

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