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cover of episode AC Grayling: Free speech, Wokeism, and how to save democracy

AC Grayling: Free speech, Wokeism, and how to save democracy

2025/6/5
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Media Storm
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AC Grayling: 我认为，自由表达对于社会的健康发展至关重要，但它并非没有限制。那些鼓吹“绝对”自由言论的人，实际上是在主张一种可以随意发言而不承担任何后果的“自由”。这种观点是站不住脚的。自由表达的权利并非没有界限，它必须考虑到可能对他人的实际伤害，包括身体、心理、经济和社会等多个层面。因此，我们不能简单地认为自由表达就是可以为所欲为。我们需要对“伤害”进行更深入的辩论，并认识到自由表达带来的后果。 我认为，社会有权对某些类型的言论进行限制，例如煽动暴力、种族歧视或仇恨言论。德国对纳粹主义和否认大屠杀的禁令就是一个例子，这体现了一个社会在面对历史创伤时，有必要采取措施防止悲剧重演。当然，这种限制必须有充分的理由，并且针对特定目的，以避免对自由表达的根本价值造成损害。对于移民，我们应该期望他们遵守法律，而不是强迫他们接受统一的价值观。社会应该追求和谐，而不是统一，鼓励文明的辩论和讨论，即使对于持有可怕想法的人，也应该让他们表达出来，然后用更好的言论来击败他们，而不是压制他们。 我认为，在社交媒体时代，虚假信息传播迅速，对社会造成了严重威胁。因此，我们需要鼓励人们进行慢思考，质疑信息的真实性，挖掘证据，并尝试获得更全面的视角。主流媒体和个人都有责任进行事实核查，并意识到社交媒体的危险和不良行为者的存在。解决社交媒体滥用问题的一个方法是取消匿名性，让每个人都用自己的真实身份发帖，以便对自己的言论负责。社交媒体上的事实核查员是个好主意，但他们应该公开身份，接受更广泛的问责。我们也可以开发一种软件，覆盖社交媒体和互联网，提醒用户注意不同的观点或其他信息来源，帮助用户更全面地了解信息。

Deep Dive

Chapters
This chapter explores the concept of free speech absolutism, particularly in relation to the actions of President Donald Trump. It examines the harm principle and its limitations, and discusses the justifications for qualifying freedom of expression.
  • Discussion of John Stuart Mill's harm principle.
  • Trump's actions regarding student protesters.
  • The idea that freedom of expression is fundamental but not unqualified.
  • Examples of justifiable limitations on free speech, such as hate speech legislation in Germany.

Shownotes Transcript

How do we 'cancel' Fascism without censorship? Can we protect free speech as well as fact-checking?

This week, something different: we dive deep into social justice theory and question how to actually achieve it.

Media Storm brings missing expert voices into the conversation. These are normally people with lived experience, but as politics becomes evermore polarised, we sought out a world-class philosopher to help us rise above partisanship and understand the core questions driving division.

AC Grayling is Master of the New College of the Humanities and has written and edited over 30 books. But he does not see philosophy as an ivory tower practice, rather a useful subject for real life implementation. We put that to the test.

The episode is produced and presented by Mathilda Mallinson (@mathildamall). The music is by Samfire (@soundofsamfire).

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