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cover of episode AI and health part one: DrGPT will see you now

AI and health part one: DrGPT will see you now

2024/5/22
logo of podcast Babbage from The Economist

Babbage from The Economist

AI Deep Dive Transcript
People
G
Gerald Lipp
H
Hugh Harvey
N
Natasha Loder
P
Peter Kecskemethy
P
Pranav Rajpurkar
Topics
Gerald Lipp: 我是一名放射科医生,负责苏格兰东北部的乳腺癌筛查工作。我们使用人工智能工具MIA辅助乳腺癌筛查,在10000名女性的筛查中,人工智能帮助我们发现了许多人类医生漏诊的病例,其中包括一位70多岁的女性Barbara,她的癌症在没有人工智能辅助的情况下可能无法被及时发现。人工智能提高了我们的癌症检出率,并节省了我们的时间,使我们能够更好地关注患者。 Natasha Loder: 生成式人工智能在医疗保健领域具有巨大的潜力,其应用范围非常广泛,包括诊断、个性化健康建议、患者分诊、撰写病历以及药物研发等。人工智能可以帮助解决医疗资源短缺的问题,提高医疗服务的可及性,尤其是在医疗资源匮乏的地区。 Peter Kecskemethy: 我们开发的人工智能模型MIA可以辅助乳腺癌筛查,提高癌症检出率,减少漏诊率。MIA基于多种人工智能组件,包括卷积神经网络,能够识别医学影像中人类医生可能无法察觉的细微病变信息。MIA已经在匈牙利和英国投入临床使用,它作为医生诊断的辅助工具,可以提高诊断的准确性。 Pranav Rajpurkar: 医学人工智能正在从解决单一疾病诊断发展到能够处理多种疾病和多种医学影像类型的‘全科医生’模式。自监督学习、多模态学习和生成式人工智能等技术的进步推动了这一发展。我们开发的CheckZero算法在胸部X光片疾病检测方面已经达到甚至超过了人类医生的水平,并且能够自动生成临床报告。人工智能可以弥补放射科医生短缺的问题,提高医疗服务的可及性和效率。 Hugh Harvey: 将人工智能医疗器械推向市场需要满足严格的监管要求,包括安全、有效性和网络安全等方面。目前,大型语言模型由于其非确定性和难以评估的准确性,尚未获得医疗用途的监管批准。人工智能医疗器械的研发和应用应遵循严格的证据标准和监管流程,避免急于求成。我们应该关注低风险的应用场景,例如行政管理领域,而不是直接用于高风险的诊断领域。

Deep Dive

Shownotes Transcript

Artificial intelligence is already making its mark in health care)—but new, bigger, models promise to improve how patients access services, help doctors spot diseases faster) and transform how medical research is done. In the first of two episodes on the potential of AI in health care), we ask: how will patients benefit from the technology behind ChatGPT)? 

Host: Alok Jha, The Economist’s science and technology editor. Contributors: Natasha Loder, The Economist's health editor; Gerald Lip of NHS Grampian; Peter Kecskemethy of Kheiron Medical; Pranav Rajpurkar of Harvard Medical School; Hugh Harvey of Hardian Health.

Want to learn more about generative artificial intelligence? Listen to our series on the science that built the AI revolution).

Transcripts of our podcasts are available via economist.com/podcasts).

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