218 |玻利维亚| 第二高原之上 - 山神、高反、天空之镜和阿塔卡马的星空
壮游者|人文旅行声音游记
Deep Dive
What is the significance of the Altiplano Plateau in Bolivia?
The Altiplano Plateau, also known as the Bolivian Plateau, is the second-highest plateau in the world after the Tibetan Plateau. It has an average elevation of 3,300 meters and is characterized by its vast, high-altitude landscapes. The plateau is home to significant geographical features such as Lake Titicaca, the Uyuni Salt Flats, and the Atacama Desert, making it a crucial region for both natural and cultural exploration.
How do the indigenous Aymara people adapt to high-altitude living?
The Aymara people have genetically adapted to high-altitude living through a mutation in the EPAS1 gene, which increases red blood cell production to better utilize the limited oxygen available at high elevations. This genetic adaptation allows them to thrive in environments where others might suffer from altitude sickness.
What are the traditional methods used to combat altitude sickness in Bolivia?
Traditional methods to combat altitude sickness in Bolivia include chewing coca leaves, drinking herbal teas like Mounia, and using natural remedies such as honey. Additionally, modern medications like acetazolamide are also used to help travelers acclimate to high altitudes.
What is the cultural significance of the Uyuni Salt Flats?
The Uyuni Salt Flats, or Salar de Uyuni, are the largest salt flats in the world, covering over 10,000 square kilometers. They hold cultural significance as a natural wonder and a source of salt for local communities. The flats are also a major tourist attraction, known for their mirror-like surface during the rainy season, which creates stunning reflections of the sky.
Why is the Atacama Desert considered unique?
The Atacama Desert is considered unique because it is the driest non-polar desert in the world, with some areas receiving no rainfall for decades. Its extreme aridity and clear skies make it an ideal location for astronomical observations, and it has been used by NASA to test Mars exploration equipment due to its Mars-like conditions.
What role does the EPAS1 gene play in high-altitude adaptation?
The EPAS1 gene plays a crucial role in high-altitude adaptation by regulating the body's response to low oxygen levels. It increases the production of red blood cells, allowing individuals to transport more oxygen in their blood, which is essential for survival in high-altitude environments like the Tibetan and Bolivian plateaus.
How does the Uyuni Salt Flats' mirror effect occur?
The mirror effect in the Uyuni Salt Flats occurs during the rainy season when a thin layer of water covers the salt flats. This creates a reflective surface that mirrors the sky, producing stunning visual effects that attract photographers and tourists from around the world.
What is the historical significance of Lake Titicaca?
Lake Titicaca, shared by Peru and Bolivia, is the highest navigable lake in the world at an elevation of 3,812 meters. It holds historical significance as the birthplace of the Inca civilization, with legends stating that the first Inca king, Manco Capac, and his sister-wife, Mama Ocllo, emerged from the lake to found the Inca Empire.
What are the main crops cultivated in the Bolivian Altiplano?
The main crops cultivated in the Bolivian Altiplano include quinoa, potatoes, and maize. These crops are well-suited to the high-altitude environment and have been staples of the local diet for centuries, providing essential nutrients and sustenance to the indigenous populations.
How does the Atacama Desert's environment resemble Mars?
The Atacama Desert's environment resembles Mars due to its extreme aridity, lack of vegetation, and soil composition, which is similar to Martian soil. These conditions make it an ideal location for testing equipment and conducting research related to Mars exploration, as it closely mimics the planet's harsh environment.
- 阿尔蒂普拉诺高原是世界第二大高原
- 节目将对比青藏高原和玻利维亚高原的异同
- 将探索的的喀喀湖、乌尤尼盐沼和阿塔卡马沙漠
Shownotes Transcript
本期是《拉美恰恰恰》系列的第21期。本期我们将在世界第二高原——阿尔蒂普拉诺高原（玻利维亚高原）之上旅行，将前往秘鲁和玻利维亚共管的的的的喀喀湖、全境都在玻利维亚的天空之镜（乌尤尼盐沼）和智利一侧的阿塔卡马沙漠三地。我们将通过服饰、应对高原反应、山神崇拜、农作物等对青藏高原和玻利维亚高原之间进行一些对比，也将去“天空之镜”乌尤尼盐沼和“旱极”阿塔卡马沙漠体验一番。
|故事节点|
03:22 安第斯山脉和玻利维亚高原
07:57 的的喀喀湖里有个太阳岛
16:43 女士服饰：艾马拉人和藏族咋那么像呢！
25:40 高反：两地人适应高反的原因一样么？
34:55 防高反：红景天、古柯叶、Munia和乙酰唑胺
39:40 大山崇拜：山神vs山峰之父和帕查妈妈
47:29 农作物：青稞vs藜麦和土豆
48:23 牲畜：牦牛vs羊驼
51:25 天空之境：盐沼、盐旅馆和仙人掌岛
79:06 旱极：阿塔卡马沙漠
85:00 夜间观星与月亮谷听沙
|壮游者|
贝贝&Yang:有半年时间都在高原之上的一对男女。
壮游者是一档独立播客，很需要你的支持。
1、商务合作请邮件至[email protected],或者添加微信“zhuangyouzhe2018”
2、请通过ZFB账号[email protected]对“壮游者”进行赞助；也可通过微信公众号“壮游者”文章(本期相关细节图片也在文章里呈现)下方的“喜欢作者”以及节目下方的“赞赏”对单期节目进行赞助。
3、请订阅、转发、评论和点赞节目，并在你使用的收听平台为“壮游者”专辑打五星好评。加听友群可微信添加"zhuangyouzhe2018"，与主播和听友直接交流。谢谢你，让我们有机会一起前行。