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Eric Topol
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Leigh Rochal
Leigh Rochal: 我今年98岁，感觉自己还很年轻，生活方式和以前一样。我认为我之所以能够如此健康地老去，可能是因为我拥有良好的基因，并且保持积极的态度。我和我的丈夫拥有美好的生活，虽然经历过起起落落，但更多的是欢乐的时光。我喜欢做拼图、编织、阅读、玩游戏和打牌，这些活动让我的生活更加充实。
Eric Topol: 基因并不是长寿的主要因素，研究表明，超级老龄人的基因与普通老年人的基因差异很小。健康老龄化的主要原因是免疫系统保持完好，免疫系统衰老和炎症会导致年龄相关疾病。我们现在有新的方法可以在年龄相关疾病发生前多年进行预测，可以通过蛋白质、基因和生物标志物来检测高风险人群，并对他们进行监测和预防。现在我们可以通过检测PTAN217等神经标志物，准确预测个体患轻度认知障碍（阿尔茨海默病的前兆）的时间。以植物为基础的饮食具有抗炎作用，锻炼可以减少炎症，改善免疫系统功能。睡眠、饮食和锻炼是免费或低成本的，并且有证据支持，是实现健康长寿的关键。
Deep Dive
The podcast starts by introducing Leigh Rochal, a 98-year-old woman who is healthy and active despite her age. Her example is used to explore the question of why some people age well while others do not. Leigh attributes her good health to a positive attitude and doesn't do anything special to maintain her health.
- Introduction of Leigh Rochal, a 98-year-old healthy and active woman.
- She maintains a positive attitude and does not have a special health regimen.
- Her parents and siblings died of health issues before 70, defying genetic explanations for her longevity.
Shownotes Transcript