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cover of episode Why peanut allergy is so common and hot forests as test beds for climate change

Why peanut allergy is so common and hot forests as test beds for climate change

2025/6/12
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Science Magazine Podcast

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Erik Stokstad
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Sarah Crespi
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Sarita Patil
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Sarah Crespi: 我认为研究热带地区的植物如何应对高温,以及它们在气候变暖的情况下是否能够适应,这是一个非常聪明的想法。我们需要了解植物在面对全球变暖时,有哪些应对机制和适应策略。 Erik Stokstad: 植物有很多应对高温的技巧,包括避免和适应。它们会尽量避开阳光,并通过主动调节叶片温度来应对无法避免的高温。在细胞层面,植物会利用热休克蛋白来保护和修复受损的蛋白质。叶片层面,植物会通过蒸发水分来降温,并调整叶片的颜色和角度来减少光照。然而,植物的适应能力是有限的,当温度超过其安全范围时,光合作用机制会受到损害,叶片甚至会死亡。尽管如此,植物群落仍有可能通过迁移和进化来适应气候变化,但这在热带地区面临着实际的限制。研究人员正在通过考察秘鲁的沸腾河、波多黎各的加热实验以及卢旺达的植物迁移实验等方式,来研究植物如何应对高温。这些研究表明,不同物种的适应能力存在差异,未来植物群落可能会发生变化,并可能对人类产生重大影响。关键的问题是,热带树木在什么温度下会死亡?我们需要进一步研究,以了解植物应对气候变化的极限。

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First up on the podcast, Staff Writer Erik Stokstad talks with host Sarah Crespi about how scientists are probing the world’s hottest forests) to better understand how plants will cope with climate change. His story is part of a special issue on plants and heat), which includes reviews and perspectives on the fate of plants in a warming world.

 

Next on the show, “convergent” antibodies may underlie the growing number of people allergic to peanuts). Sarita Patil), co-director of the Food Allergy Center at Massachusetts General Hospital and assistant professor at Harvard Medical School, joins the podcast to discuss her research on allergies and antibodies. She explains how different people appear to create antibodies with similar gene sequences and 3D structures that react to peanut proteins—a big surprise given the importance of randomness in the immune system’s ability to recognize harmful invaders.

 

This week’s episode was produced with help from Podigy).

 

About the *Science *Podcast)

 

Authors: Sarah Crespi; Erik Stokstad

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