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cover of episode Flight simulator for moths reveals they navigate by starlight

Flight simulator for moths reveals they navigate by starlight

2025/6/18
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Nature Podcast

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B
Benjamin Thompson
D
Dan Fox
E
Elena Sherry
E
Eric Warrant
N
Nick Pachuchal
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Benjamin Thompson: 本期节目主要讨论了飞蛾如何利用星光导航以及人类如何在7万年前扩展到新的生态系统中。飞蛾利用星光导航是一个引人入胜的话题,我们将深入探讨飞蛾如何利用星光进行长途迁徙,以及它们如何适应不同的环境条件。这项研究不仅揭示了飞蛾的导航机制,也为我们理解动物行为和生态适应提供了新的视角。 Nick Pachuchal: 很少有动物像人类和一些候鸟那样使用星星导航,而昆虫中只有蜣螂被认为使用星星导航,但距离很短。每年有大量的飞蛾迁徙到它们从未去过的特定地点,然后返回,因此能够找到方向对它们非常重要。新的研究表明,飞蛾除了利用地球磁场导航外,还能利用银河系。我将采访研究作者Eric Warrant,以了解更多关于这项研究的细节。 Eric Warrant: 我研究的飞蛾外表普通,但具有非凡的自然历史,是一种长途夜间迁徙者,能够从繁殖地找到从未去过的阿尔卑斯山洞穴。这些飞蛾从澳大利亚东南部飞行约1000公里到达澳大利亚最高的山脉中的高山洞穴,那里聚集了约40亿只飞蛾。飞蛾迁徙可能是为了逃避繁殖地的酷热,因为它们不耐热。我们发现飞蛾有两个指南针:恒星指南针和磁力指南针,它们同时使用这两个指南针,如果其中一个消失,它们可以默认使用另一个。飞蛾的眼睛很小,限制了它们能看到的星星数量,但飞蛾的眼睛结构使它们能更鲜明地看到周围的世界,它们很可能比我们更生动、更详细地看到银河。

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Chapters
Bogong moths undertake an extraordinary 1000km migration across Australia. This study reveals their navigational strategies, using a combination of celestial cues and the Earth's magnetic field.
  • Bogong moths migrate 1000km across Australia using the Milky Way and Earth's magnetic field.
  • They possess two compasses: a stellar compass and a magnetic compass.
  • The moths' small eyes allow them to see the Milky Way's brightness gradient for navigation.

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In this episode:

00:45 The tiny moths that use the stars to navigate

Bogong moths use the stars to help them navigate during their enormous migration across Australia, according to new research. Every year, billions of these nocturnal moths travel up to 1,000 km to cool caves in the Australian Alps, despite having never been there before. By placing moths in a flight-simulator that also acted as a planetarium, the team behind the work showed that moths could use the bright Milky Way to help them fly in the correct direction.

Research article: Dreyer et al.)

10:17 Research Highlights

Nigeria's pangolins are under threat because their meat is delicious, and how the gravitational pull of other galaxies may prevent the Milky Way colliding with Andromeda.

Research Highlight: Why pangolins are poached: they’re the tastiest animal around)

Research Highlight: A long-predicted cosmic collision might not happen after all)

12:37 How humans expanded their habitats before migrating out of Africa

New research suggests that shortly before modern humans successfully migrated out of Africa, they massively expanded the range of ecosystems they lived in. By combining climate modelling with data from archaeological sites across the African continent, researchers put forward evidence that 70,000 years ago, humans expanded the ecosystems they lived in to include diverse habitat types from forests to deserts. The authors suggest this ability to live in different places may have helped the later humans that migrated out of the continent around 50,000 years ago.

Research article: Hallet et al.)

21:59 Briefing Chat

Blowing bubble-rings could be humpback whales' way of trying to communicate with humans, and the research suggesting that everyone’s breathing pattern is unique.

Science Alert: Humpback Whale Bubble Rings May Be an Attempt to Communicate With Us)

Nature: How you breathe is like a fingerprint that can identify you)

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