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cover of episode Tiny satellite sets new record for secure quantum communication

Tiny satellite sets new record for secure quantum communication

2025/3/19
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Nature Podcast

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J
James Zou
L
Lizzie Gibney
M
Max Kozlov
P
Pan Jianwei
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Pan Jianwei: 我对未来量子网络的实现非常乐观。我们利用微型卫星成功实现了远距离(12900公里)的超安全量子通信,这是通过激光在卫星和地面站之间传输光子实现的。之前的系统体积庞大,不具备实际应用价值,而我们显著降低了成本,并将卫星重量减少了一个数量级,地面站重量减少了两个数量级。我们计划在2026年发射四颗新的微型卫星,并在2027年发射一颗地球同步卫星,以构建量子通信网络。其他国家也可能正在秘密进行量子卫星研究,但我相信国际合作对量子信息技术的未来至关重要,量子通信技术应该用于维护隐私,这是一项人权。 Lizzie Gibney: 小型化(100公斤)的地面站使得全球量子网络的构建成为可能。这项技术被认为是朝着实际拥有连接全球的量子网络迈出的重要一步。

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A tiny satellite has successfully transmitted quantum-encrypted information between China and South Africa, setting a new record for distance in quantum communication. This achievement, using a significantly smaller and cheaper system than previous attempts, represents a major step towards a global quantum communication network.
  • Quantum-encrypted information sent between China and South Africa (12,900 km)
  • Tiny satellite payload (23 kg) and smaller ground station (100 kg)
  • Significant cost reduction (£1 million vs. £14 million)
  • Potential for global quantum communication network
  • International collaboration highlighted as crucial

Shownotes Transcript

00:46 Microsatellite makes messaging secure

A tiny satellite has enabled quantum-encrypted information to be sent between China and South Africa, the farthest distance yet achieved for quantum communication. Using a laser-based system, a team in the city of Hefei was able to beam a ‘secret key’ encoded in quantum states of photons, to their colleagues over 12,000 km away. This key allowed scrambled messages to be decrypted — including one containing a picture of the Great Wall of China. The team’s system is drastically smaller and cheaper that previous attempts, and they think it represents a big step towards the creation of a global network of secure, quantum communication.

Research Article: Li et al.)

News: Mini-satellite paves the way for quantum messaging anywhere on Earth)

09:53 Research Highlights

How storms known as ‘atmospheric rivers’ could replenish Greenland’s ice, and a prosthetic hand that can distinguish objects by touch almost as well as a human.

Research Highlight: Mega-storm dumps 11 billion tonnes of snow ― and builds up a melting ice sheet)

Research Highlight: Robotic fingers can tell objects apart by touch)

12:27 An AI that gives other AIs helpful feedback

Researchers have created an AI system called TextGrad which can provide written feedback on another AI’s performance. This feedback is interpretable by humans, which could help researchers tweak the incredibly complicated, and sometimes inscrutable models that underpin modern AIs. “Previously optimising machine learning algorithms requires quite a lot of human engineering,” says James Zou, one of the team behind this work, “but with TextGrad, now the AI is able to self-improve to a large extent.”

Research Article: Yuksekgonul et al.)

20:55 How the Trump administration’s cuts are affecting science

The first two months of Donald Trump’s presidency has seen swingeing cuts to US federal funding for research, particularly to research associated with DEI. We hear the latest on these cuts and their impact from reporter Max Kozlov.

Nature: ‘My career is over’: Columbia University scientists hit hard by Trump team’s cuts)

Nature: How the NIH dominates the world’s health research — in charts)

Nature: ‘Scientists will not be silenced’: thousands protest Trump research cuts)

Nature: Exclusive: NIH to terminate hundreds of active research grants)

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