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cover of episode How to Trade the Geopolitical Firehose: Ukraine, Turkey and Tariffs! | Macro Monday ft. Mikkel Rosenvold

How to Trade the Geopolitical Firehose: Ukraine, Turkey and Tariffs! | Macro Monday ft. Mikkel Rosenvold

2025/3/24
logo of podcast Real Vision: Finance & Investing

Real Vision: Finance & Investing

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Mikkel Rosenvold explores the influence of current geopolitical tensions on global markets, focusing on regions like Ukraine, Turkey, and the broader impacts of tariffs.
  • Mikkel Rosenvold takes a deep dive into the world of geopolitics and its impact on markets.
  • The discussion includes upcoming tariffs deadlines and their potential effects.
  • Viewers are encouraged to participate with questions, particularly related to geopolitics.

Shownotes Transcript

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Hello out there and welcome to another edition of Macro Mondays. I am Mikkel Rosenwald and this is going to be a not-so-usual version of Macro Mondays. My usual co-host Andreas has fallen ill, so I'm all alone with the rains today. And this means that we will take a slightly different approach to this show.

My area of expertise is obviously geopolitics, as many of you probably know. So we're going to be taking a deep dive into the world of geopolitics right now. That's as hot as ever and has huge impacts on markets. Still, we're going to round off the show with a couple of trade ideas, also looking ahead at the upcoming tariffs deadline. So we're not all without macro today, even though Andreas is not with us today.

As usual, we are sending this live on X, on Real Vision, on various platforms, YouTube, etc. We're also publishing this as a podcast. But if you're viewing this live, please do post your questions in the comments section for that, perhaps especially related to geopolitics.

If you have questions specifically for Andreas or in areas that are a little bit outside of my area of expertise, please post them as well. And we will get back to those next week when Andreas is hopefully with us again, depending on the level of illness within the Copenhagen daycare system. Let's just put it like that.

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The Drill is a combination of our research on commodities and energy and geopolitics, hence the name. And it's a weekly article that you can get full access to via the pro macro subscription tier at Real Vision. Remember our usual disclaimer, obviously, and perhaps even more so today since I'm alone here, so no counterweights, that our trade ideas and our analyses, they might be...

Okay, let's get started, folks. And please pour on the questions. We'll get along those underway. We'll take a deep dive into the world of geopolitics, get all across the globe on various situations and how they might affect your portfolio.

I want to start here. Let's show this picture of Osher Vance going to Greenland. Now, Andreas and myself, we get a lot of questions every time something happens to Greenland since it's obviously Danish territory. So let's just do a quick recap. This is not going to move the needle very much in your portfolios, guys. I know that. It's very, very hard to find any Greenland equities. And even if you did, I'm not sure I would suggest that. But just to cover it anyway,

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Obviously, Donald Trump has been keep has kept on banging this drum on wanting to annex or at least include Greenland in some shape or form into the United States. Greenland is a part of Denmark and autonomous territory. And

It seems now that the U.S. is trying to ramp up efforts by sending a bunch of officials as well as the wife of the vice president to Greenland. What's the status and what's likely to happen up there? Well, for many months, we, Andreas and I, both had the view that a deal was very much possible here. I mean, Greenland has...

been discussing independence for decades and have been waiting for the right time. Perhaps this was the right time. Now they had another suitor, another country ready to take over. However, what's happened over the past few months is that the Greenlandic politicians and the Greenlandic peoples have cooled remarkably on at least a quick independence. And

The Greenlandic government, it seems, suddenly realized that quick independence meant becoming a U.S. territory, and that's definitely not what they meant by independence. The Greenlandic people have had this idea that they could become an independent state and could pick and choose from case to case between the world powers, and that's obviously not going to happen. Donald Trump very clearly has demonstrated that. So a few weeks ago, we had the elections in Greenland, and that's a result that was...

I think...

or discussed in a number of ways that that's not entirely accurate. So you have to understand that all Greenlandic politicians, more or less, want independence. That's nothing new. So to say that the independence wing has won this election is like saying that the anti-monarchy wing won the US elections. I mean, everyone, almost, in the Greenlandic parliament wants independence. The question is how fast do they want it and how violent do they want it?

Obviously, Greenland is very dependent on subsidies from Denmark. So when they say independence, does that mean an independence vote within the next six months? Does that mean independence even if Danish subsidies are cut, etc.? So the only party really truly pushing for accession into the United States, the Kolek party, received 300 votes. 300 votes. So...

The atmosphere is definitely not one of simply applying to becoming the 51st state. Now, a lot of people have talked about the Naleraq party receiving and having a very, very good election, becoming the second largest party. They're the only people, they're the perhaps the harshest independence party. They want a referendum on independence very, very quickly. And

But it's not a Trump party. This is a left-wing party, as is most of Greenlandic politics. I mean, if Bernie Sanders were to pick a party in Greenland, these guys would probably be too left-wing for him.

in some cases. So to understand this, the Greenlandic people want independence. I think Trump has made it less likely that they will vote for independence within the next four years. And the ability of Trump to do a deal with Denmark has also fallen dramatically because

Denmark never had the intention of keeping Greenland against its will. So if the Greenlandic people choose to vote for independence, Denmark will allow Greenland to be independent and then the US can swoop in. But now the Greenlandic people have seen what that independence means

is equal to trump they don't really want it anymore so for now this is kind of deadlock denmark can't really do anything we can't really hand over greenland without the greenlandic people accepting to it and they're definitely not too fond of that idea so okay guys enough about greenland unless you have more questions on the topic and i think it's going to be all show and very very little action on this because there's not a whole lot you can actually do moving on from um

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From Greenland, we are having some interesting questions on tariffs. We'll get back to those later in the show. I want to move along to Ukraine.

Obviously, the biggest geopolitical situation in 2025 and a situation to watch for all investors. Obviously, we had a long process up until this. We had the Riyadh talks. They were a huge shock to the European nations. You had the American government

delegations sitting right across the Russian delegation. This is a picture of subsequent talks between the US and Ukrainian administrations, but still the same room, looking very nice, by the way. And I think you should see these peace negotiations as sort of an M&A process here. Donald Trump, the first step in an M&A process is obviously that you evaluate the company that you're trying to purchase or merger with.

They've done that. Trump has come to the conclusion, okay, we want to do a deal here. The first step then is not to go to the counterparty. That's to go to your...

to your own board. And that's what Trump did after the initial Riyadh talks. The initial Riyadh talks were a sort of a feeler. Is there any ground here? Do we want to do a deal? Okay, we want to do a deal. Now I have to talk to my owners and my shareholders. And that's what Trump did when he received Emmanuel Macron and Keir Starmer. That's what he did that year.

part of my French shit show of a press conference in the White House. That was meeting the shareholders. So the US shareholders being the European countries and Ukraine, he had to get them on board. So he said, okay, now I have a mandate, more or less anyway, to go and actually deal with the counterparty being Russia. So that's where we're at right now. Trump has gotten some sort of a mandate from Europe and Ukraine, at least enough for him to initiate direct negotiations with Russia.

Now we are entering a phase of negotiations where we should expect two things.

First and foremost, we should expect volatility in this process. This is the way Trump usually deals with this kind of thing. When he doesn't get the other parties to do what he wants, he pushes tariffs, he pushes sanctions, he withdraws support, etc. He very obviously did this with Ukraine. I mean, one day he pulled all military assistance and intelligence support only to reinstate it maybe a week later when the Ukrainians had caved in and essentially given him the mandate he wanted.

that's the most likely going to happen to Russia as well. So Trump has already indicated that he will be ramping up sanctions. He will be providing more weapons to the Ukrainians. I know that's a flip-flop, but you have to understand that these are two different parts of the negotiation process. So Trump is going to ramp up the pressure on Putin right up until the point where they have an agreement. That's the one thing you should expect. The other thing you should expect is for Trump to try and sort of tiptoe towards an agreement.

What does this mean? Well, number one, it means that Trump will try to make smaller agreements on ceasefires or don't use these weapons or exchange these prisoners, etc., etc., etc., right up to the point where we're talking an actual broad ceasefire.

We saw this, the initial ceasefire was that you couldn't attack each other's nuclear plants and other infrastructure installments. That's not really a ceasefire. They're still shooting at each other. The armies are still throwing everything at each other. The next step now is a Black Sea ceasefire. So that's sort of the next tiptoe here.

And we might see more deals in that regard. It might be easing of some sanctions if and when Russia abides to this ceasefire. It's still my base case that we're looking at a ceasefire within once, two months here. An overall ceasefire as the next step towards an actual peace. How will this reflect on markets? So,

Obviously, this is going to be very, very good news for markets. I mean, Europe is not going to be trading directly with Russia again on day one, but it will come relatively quickly. It's also a major de-risking of international affairs and potentially also sort of wrestling Russia out of China's grip.

So in many cases, this should be a positive for equities, perhaps especially Europe and in particular Eastern European equities. We've discussed this in other podcasts. There seems to be a lot of great cases for the Eastern Europeans to do really, really well in this scenario. Before I get to some more points on weapons, stocks, and trade ideas, just a question here.

Hi, Mikkel. How do you interpret the theory cited by Peter Sihann that the U.S. administration has been infiltrated by Russian intelligence, which would partly or wholly explain the recent pivot in U.S. policy affecting Russian interests? Well...

It's very likely that the U.S. administration is to some extent infiltrated by Russian intelligence. And it's very evident that the current U.S. administration, being Trump and a lot of his top advisors, are more Russian-friendly minded or at least not as critical of Russia. However, I also think this is – the timing of this is –

of these talks and the peace process is, uh, has something to do obviously with the fact that there's a new president, no matter who it is. This brings whole new momentum and new sort of eyes to stuff. Um, I think it's possible that, um,

Kamala would have initiated peace talks as well, perhaps not as rapid, not as violently as Trump is doing, but, but it is very much possible. The other factor is the simple fact that Ukraine is losing on the ground. So, I mean, no matter how you look at it, um, Ukraine is losing or have lost depending on, on your temper. So, um,

Right now is a good time for talks because it's not looking, it's not very likely that Ukraine will make headway on the front line for the next one to two years. Does this mean that Trump is pro-Russia? Well, evidently more so than Joe Biden. However, I also think these are the circumstances forming this. And I think we will see a very, very tough Trump over the coming weeks and months in these negotiations.

He will have to give in to Putin on a number of issues. There's no question around that because Putin is winning on the battlefield. That doesn't mean that you're pro-Russia. That just means that you've lost a war, which the US and Ukraine essentially have. So that's my take on that. I know this is a very heated and loaded subject. But anyway, please state your comments or questions in the section below. Okay, let's move on a little bit because I have a thesis here.

One of the effects of the new Trump administration is that the European Union has awoken in its own terms. Europe is trying to rearm itself, and it wants to do so by purchasing European-built weapons.

Okay, I think you've all got the memo on that. Most of you have also probably invested in it, or many of you may have. Rheinmetall, BAE systems, etc. And I think a lot of the expected increases in military expenditure has already been priced into those equities. We still have a very big issue of these companies actually being able to deliver goods.

I've mentioned this statistic before, but over the course of the Russo-Ukrainian War, North Korea has produced more than five times, or at least delivered more than five times the number of artillery shells than the entire European Union has. So when it comes to defense, the European Union has been outproduced by North Korea. And so obviously the European Union has all the...

financial, industrial know-how. We have everything we need to build way more artillery shells, but it takes a lot of time to ramp that up. It's a part of our industry in Europe that we have completely neglected for decades, first and foremost by cutting our defense expenditure, but also by purchasing a lot of U.S.-built equipment for our defenses. So European politicians are obviously trying to buy European in this rearmament,

But I think they're going to have to realize that they have to look beyond Europe to actually get stuff delivered. Because that's also where we're at. It's not enough anymore for European politicians to write out checks and say, okay, we're going to spend this amount of money in six years. No, we need actual guns and actual shells. And the big European companies simply can't deliver that right now. Their order books are full. And that's why I still think there is a lot of momentum and a lot of potential in this for US arms industries. Because...

Even though Trump is doing everything he can to scare the Europeans away from the U.S. arms manufacturers, they're the only ones able to deliver at a large enough scale to satisfy the demand coming out of European defenses right now. So a couple of notes on this. I think there is a subtrend or a very clear trend in military procurement that...

We're sick and tired of buying these very, very expensive fighter jets. Obviously, the F-35 is the most recent example. In many countries in Europe, there is now fear that if the U.S. leaves NATO, they have the leverage over our entire air force. Say, for instance, Denmark, other countries have bought a lot of F-35 planes. If the U.S. refuses software updates for these planes, are they stuck on the ground? It's not entirely implausible. So...

And that vulnerability comes both from reliance on the US, but also reliance on one weapon system that is extremely expensive. So meanwhile, you have people like Elon Musk and other tech gurus out there talking about that the fighter jet, the symbol of modern warfare is becoming obsolete.

And that's also what we're seeing on the ground in Russia and Ukraine. You're hearing very, very little about air attacks. It's all missiles and drones. Drones is where it's at. So over the coming one to two decades, and even within the next couple of years, given these huge increases in military spending that we're discussing, we're going to see a shift from fighter jets, from main battle tanks over into drones.

And I'm not sure that has been quite priced in yet. Obviously, you have a bunch of European drone manufacturers. Not very many of them are publicly traded. So a good way to look is at autonomous technology and robotics ETFs. You could be aware of this. I don't think this purchasing spree in Europe has been priced into this sector yet at all. And I think it will get there because, as I just mentioned...

we're not producing this stuff in Europe. So at least not to the extent that we want to buy it. Two very specific examples, a company called Aeroenvironment

just landed a huge deal with the Danish, it's a US company, just landed a huge deal with the Danish military to produce drones for use in Greenland, ironically. So we're having a US company deliver the drones that we need to patrol Greenland and the Arctic area. These guys have a huge potential. They already have inroads into most European defenses already.

they have a huge potential to deliver larger drones. In the smaller drone game, which is also going to be very, very relevant, especially for army use, we have a company like Red Cat Holdings. They gained a lot after the election, as did many shares, but have also dropped since New Year's. I think there's huge potential here also within the US army, because remember, Elon Musk has only just begun looking at Pentagon, right?

Is it possible that he can begin to shift money away from these huge fighter jet aircraft carrier main battles, saying these very heavy, expensive investments and more into drones?

We're talking billions of dollars worth of government purchases here that are ripe for the taking for these kinds of companies. So a lot of potential in this sector. We'll discuss it with Raoul in our show on Thursday, I think. I think I'm very interested to hear his view on this. He's more into the technical analysis than I, so he might have some view on these charts. But a couple of interesting notes here, as I know a lot of you are looking into defense stocks.

Okay, that was all I had about Ukraine and Europe. We can get a little more into that a little bit later. On the rim of Europe, I should probably say, lies Turkey. I'm not going to do a deep dive analysis of what's going on there. Obviously, Erdogan, the leader of Turkey, imprisoned and arrested Erdogan.

Imamoglu, the mayor of Istanbul and one of his main rivals in Turkish politics, he used to sneak a little maneuver because he managed to get Imamoglu's

college degree revoked because he had cheated. And you would say, okay, obviously that's a bad look for a politician, but it's not the end of the world. It is in Turkey because to reach the highest offices in Turkey, you need a college degree. So that's actually a very, very sneaky way of getting a rival out of the picture. Obviously, markets didn't like this. Some have even called this a coup d'etat, meaning that it's a power grab from Erdogan essentially.

and obviously send the lira spiraling down again. I know some people have had a lot of fun investing in Turkish equities over the past couple of years. It's not a game for me, I have to say. But very, very interesting developments. I'm very curious to see the role that Turkey is going to be playing in the peace negotiations.

If it weren't for all these political shenanigans and all these disastrous effects they have on the Turkish currency and Turkish inflation, Turkey would be a very, very good investment candidate. But for me, this is simply too violent, too volatile for me. Moving a little bit south of that, another very, very contentious topic here, the Middle East.

So I'm not going to go too deeply into the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, but we are going to touch a little bit upon it because it obviously affects commodities and energy a great deal. A couple of months ago, we had the Trump-brokered ceasefire. It's always a debate, was this something that the Biden administration put in place and Trump took it over the finish line? Who should get the credit for it?

In any case, it's now broken down. So if Trump gets the credit for the ceasefire, he should also get the heat from the steel breaking down.

Essentially, Israel asked for Trump's permission to initiate a new offensive into Gaza. They were dissatisfied with the pace of the hostage release of Hamas. And this means that this is not simply a blip. This is a full-scale breakdown of the ceasefire and a return to open hostilities, both in Gaza and potentially also in Lebanon. We're seeing that.

This obviously had the ripple-on effects that the Houthis in Yemen had all the excuse they need to start launching missiles at the sea, at international and U.S. shipping at the Middle East, and even the Harry S. Truman, the massive U.S. nuclear carrier.

So we were just at a point, just about ready to have global shipping flow back through the Red Sea. It was an insurer's question. We hear that from many of the great freight companies here in Copenhagen. And now that's all down the drain. So what does this mean for market? Well, I was hoping for...

The reopening of the Red Sea to relieve some of the inflation pressure in Europe even further could be a half to 0.5 to 1 percentage points. That's obviously not going to happen right now. It's going to take a lot of months for this to resolve. Furthermore, I mean, we've had the...

the thesis throughout the year that geopolitical risk was on the decline. And that's been very, very true. I mean, the geopolitical risk premium in oil, for instance, has decreased significantly.

It has to go up a little bit again now, I think. And that's also what we're seeing in oil prices. I know it's dropping a little bit today. But I think we are seeing a short-term rally in oil before we get back to the overall trend that we've seen for the past couple of months, which is a declining price. I mean, both...

Both OPEC and the U.S. are looking to at least maintain, if not ramp up production. And we are seeing relatively modest demand out of China. So in the short term, potential for a little rally in oil. In the slightly longer term, we still hold the view that oil needs to come down a little bit further.

There are limits to how low all can go. If all goes below 50, we are getting into danger zone for the US shell industry, the fracking industry. So that's probably the bottom level you should be looking at here. Okay, guys, we're getting well into the show. We have a couple of questions here. I'll just dive into one of them here. When do you see tariff negotiations coming to a close with China? That's a very good bridge to talk tariffs. Well...

I think China is the one country that's not overly concerned with the outlook of US tariffs. China's probably hoping for a broader scale tariffs, and they're not left in a state of panic as many other countries are.

Obviously, this is, at the end of the day, could be problematic for Chinese exports, but they have such a strong market position. And they also have the capital to stomach these new tariffs for a while. So I don't necessarily see a quick tariff deal with China. I still think

you need something done on Ukraine, perhaps even on Iran, that could be part of the same equation. And then you're probably going to have some side deal with China at one point. So I don't expect too much positive news on this before the summer. On the other hand, I don't think you should panic too much about the tariffs when looking at China. There are much bigger issues out there. Speaking of tariffs, we had a look into how do you play these upcoming tariffs in the early April. Obviously, you could play the...

the chance that they are simply postponed for another month, I think we are getting close to a level where most people expect some tariffs or more tariffs to actually be implemented early April. So we have a couple of angles here. Let me know what you think in the comment section here. First of all, as we talked a little bit about last week,

We've seen a major front-loading, a major hoarding of copper, essentially, which makes a lot of sense. I mean, if I had a factory using copper for my production, I would be hoarding this stuff as well before the anticipated tariffs. So it seems logical that this is obviously...

over the top. And once we get these tariffs in order and people stop panicking about the unknown, we should see a slow sell-off in copper. So that is potentially a very interesting position for the next few months.

especially as we've also discussed that the growth picture in China is not as strong as many would have you believe. We did see some strong performance in equities on top of the announcements around the Chinese stimulus. We're not quite seeing that pick up in resources demand yet. So a sell-off in copper, being short copper, is an interesting position. We're in that position, so very much looking for that.

Another part of this picture in commodities is obviously gold. We had a question on that, so I'll just reach into this. The big question for me is whether tariffs on gold will be...

Sector-based, will they cover the entirety of Europe or will there be exemptions from this? Most notably, Switzerland. Switzerland were very, very preemptive in the fall and lowered their industrial tariffs to almost zero level. And that could be a step towards being excluded from this. If Switzerland are excluded from these tariffs,

That would relieve a lot of the pressure on gold. We all know that gold has been in an incredible rally, even to an extent that this is beginning to worry the US administration. We know the US administration is worried that a lot of what you would call global south countries are...

establishing huge gold reserves instead of having dollar reserves. And that's obviously a result of a lot of Russian assets being frozen, and even more so if the UK and France, the European countries decide to actually seize all these assets, that will make this move even worse. So I think the US administration is worried that this is limiting the demand for dollars, limiting the role and the leverage that the usage of dollar is giving the US and all these countries.

And so I think they're going to be a little bit more lenient on gold, perhaps excluding Switzerland from those, and that should put a damper on the gold price, could put us well below the $3,000 mark here. So this is another way of playing this

waiting game that we're very much in. I think many investors will be hearing that from a lot of our clients are on waiting mode right now. Are central banks going to react? Well, this is one way to play them perhaps some of the initial effects that you can look out for. And then let's see what happens with central banks, etc. That's pretty much all I had. I have one more point here. Because

We've talked a lot about the Eurozone party, European equities doing incredibly well, a lot of money being moved out of US equities and into European equities. Well, the question is, how long can that go on for? We know that the European economies are obviously getting massive stimulus out of Germany.

I believe that is to some extent priced in already. The question is, what do we need to keep this train going? And to keep the train going, you need strong consumer sentiment in the US. You need the US to keep buying European products. And that's very much not what we're seeing at the moment. We're seeing very lackluster numbers out of the US, slowing growth numbers. And that will at some point affect also European equities.

We are seeing the first trends of this in our regime models, as you can see in this chart here. We are seeing a slight reversal in the growth trend in Europe, which has been on the rise for the past seven or eight months, more or less.

So, we're not in crisis mode at all yet. We're still in a very good position in the EU. But we are seeing some trends towards a slowing growth picture in the US swimming over into Europe. Yeah.

We also have some indicators that the European equities are actually quite fairly priced at the moment. So perhaps we don't have that lack of valuation that we had a few months back and over the past couple of years.

So maybe it's time, at least for us, it's time to consider the timing of these European positions. I'm not saying you should short Europe or that you should run for the hills in these European positions, but you should consider how much longer this story can go on for. That is perhaps my final trade idea here.

So I think we got around a lot of the questions that we had in here today. Thanks to all of you for watching this special edition. We'll hopefully have Andreas back next week to give you even more perspective on things. We also have a Pro Macro show on Thursday. So lots of stuff to look out for. Obviously, all our research is available at the Pro Macro Tour at Real Vision. So to all of you, thanks a lot for joining in this time. We'll see you next Monday.

Join over 7,000 attendees on June 18th to 19th at Super AI Singapore, Asia's largest AI event. East will meet West as industry leaders converge for two unparalleled days exploring the exponential AI age.

Join us to unveil the future of LLMs, the intersection of AI and crypto, robotics, drones, space tech, the societal and economic impact of generative AI, and much more. Get tickets at superai.com with promo code REALVISION for an exclusive 20% off, only while tickets last. If you liked this episode, I'd love for you to head over to realvision.com forward slash join for a free membership. Start your journey today to unfuck your future just one click away.

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Thank you.

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