cover of episode Fish Have a Brain Microbiome. Could Humans Have One Too?

Fish Have a Brain Microbiome. Could Humans Have One Too?

2025/4/24
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Quanta Science Podcast

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People
C
Christopher Link
I
Irene Salinas
J
Janos Heller
M
Matthew Ohm
旁白
知名游戏《文明VII》的开场动画预告片旁白。
研究人员
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研究人员:近期发表在《科学进展》上的一项研究,首次提供了强有力的证据表明,至少在鱼类中,健康脊椎动物的脑部存在微生物组。新墨西哥大学的研究人员发现,鲑鱼和鳟鱼的脑部存在繁盛的细菌群落,许多微生物物种具有特殊的适应性,使它们能够在脑组织中生存,并能穿过保护性血脑屏障。 Matthew Ohm:这项研究提供了确凿的证据,证明脊椎动物的脑部存在微生物组。因此,人类也可能存在脑部微生物组的观点不再显得异想天开。我们应该投入更多资源来探索这一想法。 Christopher Link:这项研究增加了哺乳动物,包括人类,也可能存在脑部微生物组的可能性。人类肠道微生物组在体内发挥着关键作用,通过肠-脑轴与大脑进行交流,并维持免疫系统。因此,微生物可能在我们神经生物学中发挥更大的作用,并非完全牵强附会。 Irene Salinas:由于鼻子和大脑的距离很近,我们一直有一个疑问:鼻腔中的微生物群落是否会进入大脑的嗅球,甚至大脑的其他区域。通过对鲑鱼和鳟鱼的研究,我们发现鱼脑中存在大量的活体细菌,且并非仅限于嗅球。许多细菌可能在发育早期就进入大脑,或者通过产生特定分子穿过血脑屏障进入大脑。我们甚至在显微镜下捕捉到一个细菌正在穿过血脑屏障的画面。 Janos Heller:血脑屏障并非完全不可渗透,存在周期性变化,大脑免疫系统也会清除有害入侵者。以往在人类大脑中发现的微生物,通常与感染或疾病相关。但检测方法的改进,使我们重新审视人类是否拥有脑部微生物群落的可能性。

Deep Dive

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The Quanta Science Podcast explores the surprising discovery of bacteria thriving in fish brains, challenging the long-held belief that the brain is a sterile environment. This finding raises the intriguing possibility of a human brain microbiome and prompts further research into this area.
  • Bacteria are found throughout the human body but were assumed not to be present in the brain.
  • A study found communities of bacteria thriving in salmon and trout brains.
  • Fish physiology shares similarities with humans, suggesting the possibility of a human brain microbiome.

Shownotes Transcript

The discovery that other vertebrates have healthy, microbial brains is fueling the still controversial possibility that we might have them as well.
The post Fish Have a Brain Microbiome. Could Humans Have One Too?) first appeared on Quanta Magazine)