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cover of episode 15 告别自由主义

15 告别自由主义

2024/10/22
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主播
以丰富的内容和互动方式帮助学习者提高中文能力的播客主播。
Topics
主播:通过三个星期的上班经历,对自由的理解发生了转变。过去认为自由至上,现在认为自由被滥用,它并非解决现代人精神危机和困惑的良方。现代人对自由的追求,很多时候是逃避现实和责任的方式,例如用"搞钱"来逃避亲密关系,用消费主义来逃避工作压力。 主播:自由并非解决所有问题的万能钥匙,它在很多情况下只是一个中间变量,幸福才是最终目的。许多人追求自由,实际上是在逃避责任和承诺,而真正的价值在于专注于当下,认真完成每一件事。 主播:自由的概念在政治哲学和公共生活中仍然重要,但它并非天赋人权,而是政治制度的产物,其边界由国家权力决定。消极自由仅仅定义了政府的职能边界,与个人成就无关。不同自由之间存在优先级,例如生命健康权通常优先于其他自由。 主播:世界的本源是丰富的规定性,而非自由。出生、生老病死等都是无法避免的规定性,我们无法回到一个没有规定性的状态。契约自由本身就是一个矛盾的概念,因为契约限制了自由,但正是这种限制才能带来更多的确定性和利益。 主播:我们需要重新审视自由是否是唯一值得追求的东西。在日常生活中,专注比自由更重要,认真完成每一件事,即使是平凡琐碎的事情,也能从中找到意义和价值。很多时候,我们追求的并非自由本身,而是通过自由来获得幸福。

Deep Dive

Key Insights

Why does the speaker believe that the concept of freedom is overrated in modern life?

The speaker argues that freedom is often misused in modern narratives and fails to solve many of the problems people face. Instead, it creates unnecessary confusion and redundancy in personal lives. The speaker believes that freedom is a misleading concept that can be abandoned in decision-making systems.

How has the speaker's perspective on work changed after starting their job?

The speaker initially disliked mundane tasks and preferred abstract, strategic work. However, after starting their job, they began to appreciate paying attention to small details and following rules, such as proper citation and grammar. This shift made them realize that adhering to guidelines can improve efficiency and make others' lives easier.

What does the speaker think about the relationship between freedom and rules?

The speaker believes that rules and guidelines, such as grammar or style manuals, do not diminish the value of work. Instead, following these rules allows individuals to integrate into a tradition and make life easier for others. The speaker sees this as a form of kindness and unconscious refinement.

Why does the speaker criticize the idea of 'freedom' in political philosophy?

The speaker argues that freedom in political philosophy is often used as a placeholder or pronoun without a clear definition. They point out that freedom is not a universal constant and cannot provide a unified explanation for how things should be. The speaker also highlights that freedom is often tied to state power and does not apply equally across different contexts or individuals.

What does the speaker mean by 'the world won't get better, but your world can still be good'?

The speaker suggests that while the broader societal or political system may not improve, individuals can still create a good life for themselves by focusing on meaningful actions and paying attention to the present. This involves making deliberate choices and sacrificing certain freedoms to achieve specific goals.

Chapters
作者在工作中体会到专注和细节的重要性,改变了对自由的看法。原本讨厌琐碎任务,现在意识到关注细节能提升效率,并带来成就感。
  • 上班经历改变了作者对自由的认知
  • 关注细节和遵守规范能带来效率和成就感
  • 自由并非万能,有时遵守规则更重要

Shownotes Transcript

让规定性来得更猛烈些吧

(02:06) 上班;or the tyrannical and surprisingly sweet lack of editorial discretion

(12:27) 自由作为代词、副词、占位词

(24:18) 自由并非创世常量,无法提供大一统解释,或还原“事情本来应该有的那个样子”

(29:50) “这个世界不会好了但你的世界还可以好”

纯粹自由批判摘选

“尼采说,一个人的本质可以被定义为给人以承诺的能力。从这个意义上说,人生不是遍地是选择的旷野,你不能做自己,你应该沿着自己许下过的承诺所划定的轨道,一路走到底。”——我的朋友东林君

“我的壮举是获得了老板的青睐。成之前必须先彻底完100次,我已经完88次了。”——我的朋友周紫一

“我那个话的目的是让[王c]好好投入丰富的规定性中。”——我的朋友朴若松

DFW references, et al.

Teaching Materials, The DFW Reader (6:09)

Something to Do with Paying Attention(McNally出版了单行册,但它亦是最后未完成的The Pale King的第22章)(10:20)

This is Water, ⁠https://fs.blog/david-foster-wallace-this-is-water/⁠) (28:31)

Please, please also read his Authority and American Usage (1999).

P.S. ⁠https://www.douban.com/note/698183929 ⁠)(22:02);⁠https://www.douban.com/note/864390271⁠) (27:39) — I hope this doesn’t feel cringe.