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cover of episode Dangerous guesswork in economic policy

Dangerous guesswork in economic policy

2025/1/20
logo of podcast LSE: Public lectures and events

LSE: Public lectures and events

AI Deep Dive AI Chapters Transcript
People
C
Charles
C
Corey
D
David
波士顿大学电气和计算机工程系教授,专注于澄清5G技术与COVID-19之间的误信息。
J
John
一位专注于跨境资本市场、并购和公司治理的资深律师。
M
Max
Y
Young lady in red
Topics
David: 制定经济政策需要充分利用专业技能,虽然一些问题可以用常识和经验解决,但许多涉及资源分配的重大问题(如医疗、国防、教育、住房等)需要专业分析。 Max: 许多经济学著作的发布会演讲都令人失望,因为作者往往重复书中内容,缺乏新意。经济学界的排名机制导致学者更关注解决高难度技术问题,而非解决实际的公共政策问题,这阻碍了政策制定者有效利用经济学知识。选择经济顾问时,应该了解相关领域知识,而非仅仅追求高价顾问。传统的科布-道格拉斯生产函数忽略了自然资源在经济生产中的作用,这导致了经济理论的缺陷。经济理论的应用需要考虑具体的社会背景,经济政策并非现成的知识。巨大的财富不平等是对民主和市场经济的严重威胁,财富税可能是解决这一问题的唯一途径。对超级富豪征收低税率的财富税,可能不会导致他们逃离,即使他们逃离,对经济的损害也可能并不严重。政府在经济增长问题上采取的措施缺乏充分的经济学分析,例如盲目增加住房建设和放松管制。经济政策的目标不应仅仅是扩大选择,还应促进美德,例如勇气、好奇心和同情心。经济学无法解决政府规模大小的根本性辩论,但可以帮助分析双方论证的合理性。 John: 经济政策的失误并非总是由于缺乏分析,也可能由于经济和政治因素的权衡导致长期不良后果。公共私营合作项目中存在机会主义行为,决策者不愿充分利用现有知识是导致问题的重要原因。 Corey: 政府提高就业成本以促进经济增长的政策,可能缺乏充分的经济学分析。 Young lady in red: 政策制定者在专家建议和民众偏好之间面临两难选择,需要权衡有效性和受欢迎程度。 Charles: 土地税作为一种财富税形式,可以成为良好的收入来源,且扭曲性较小。美国政府的政策,如同时征收关税和放松管制,缺乏经济学基础,是短视的。当今世界面临气候变化、经济失衡、美国政治动荡等诸多挑战,经济政策面临巨大压力。经济学家的研究方向存在错配,应更多关注具有实际影响的重大问题。

Deep Dive

Chapters
This chapter sets the stage by discussing the complexities of translating economic theories into effective policies. It highlights the difficulty of applying expert knowledge to real-world problems, particularly those involving resource allocation in sectors like healthcare, defense, and education.
  • Difficulty of applying economic knowledge to policy decisions
  • Resource allocation challenges in various sectors (NHS, defense, education, housing, climate, high-speed rail)

Shownotes Transcript

Contributor(s): Dr Max Steuer | Join us to hear Max Steuer talk about his new book, Dangerous Guesswork In Economic Policy.The book is about the need for, and the benefits of, drawing on specialist skills in formulating economic policy. Some issues can be addressed through common sense and first-hand experience. Few matters involving use of resources in the NHS, defence policy, education, housing and a host of other issues, such as high-speed rail, are of that kind. Recognising the need is the first step. With the best will in the world, drawing on knowledge is not easy. Dangerous Guesswork provides a sophisticated overview of the working of the discipline.