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cover of episode Epistemic pluralism and climate change

Epistemic pluralism and climate change

2025/3/10
logo of podcast LSE: Public lectures and events

LSE: Public lectures and events

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Elizabeth Robinson
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Mike Hulme
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Mike Hulme: 我认为,气候变化问题长期以来被一种以科学为中心的、单一目标的视角所主导,这导致了气候治理的困境。我们需要摆脱这种‘气候简化论’,转向认识论多元论,即承认并整合来自科学、社会科学、人文科学以及其他知识体系(如本土知识)的各种视角。只有这样,才能更有效地应对气候变化、社会正义和政治自由等相互关联的挑战。我们需要认识到,气候并非孤立存在,它与社会、政治、经济等因素相互交织,单一地追求控制全球温度的目标是不现实的。我们需要更谦逊的目标,更分散的治理模式,以及更包容的知识体系。 我们应该认识到,科学在揭示气候变化的物理现实方面做出了重要贡献,但科学并非万能的。我们需要将科学与其他知识体系结合起来,例如人文科学中的叙事、故事和隐喻,以及本土社区的实践智慧。这些知识形式可以帮助我们更好地理解气候变化对不同社会群体的影响,并制定更有效的政策。 此外,我们应该警惕‘气候主义’(climatism)的思想,即认为只要控制住气候变化,其他问题就能迎刃而解。这种思想忽视了气候变化与其他社会问题的复杂互动关系,并可能导致对其他重要议题的忽视。我们需要更全面、更细致的视角来应对气候变化,而不是将其简化为单一目标。 Elizabeth Robinson: 我赞同Hulme教授关于认识论多元论的观点,但对‘气候主义’的存在表示怀疑。我认为,气候科学家并非天真地只关注温度,而是认识到气候变化的复杂性和多方面影响。1.5度或2度的目标只是简化的表述,并非意味着我们只关注温度。我们也关注空气污染、粮食安全、海洋酸化等问题。 我同意,过度依赖综合评估模型(IAMs)和最后期限会降低可信度。我们应该避免使用‘必须’、‘应该’等具有强制性的词语,而应该更注重风险评估和权衡。气候变化是一个复杂的问题,需要多学科的合作和更全面的视角。 我认同,即使没有气候变化,我们也应该改变不健康的生活方式,例如减少化石燃料使用、改善饮食和改善空气质量。这些改变不仅有益于环境,也有益于人类健康和福祉。我们需要更全面地看待气候变化,将其与其他社会问题联系起来,并制定更可持续的生活方式。

Deep Dive

Chapters
This chapter explores the challenges of global climate governance, questioning the feasibility of controlling climate change. It introduces the concept of epistemic pluralism and critiques the dominance of scientific rationalism in shaping climate policy.
  • Challenges of global climate governance are discussed.
  • The dominance of scientific rationalism in climate policy is critiqued.
  • Epistemic pluralism is introduced as an alternative approach.

Shownotes Transcript

Contributor(s): Professor Mike Hulme, Professor Elizabeth Robinson | This lecture explores the merits of epistemic pluralism in understanding climate change today. Epistemic pluralism emphasises the need for diverse ways of knowing, analysing, and interpreting climate change—drawing insights from the sciences, social sciences, and humanities. This event is based on a recently published book Climate Change Isn’t Everything by Professor Mike Hulme. In this talk, Professor Hulme will discuss “climatism”, an ideology that reduces politics and society to the singular goal of achieving net-zero carbon emissions by a given date. Accordingly, this event seeks to broaden the conversation. Hulme critiques climate reductionism, which frames contemporary problems exclusively through the lens of climate science and which overemphasizes the role of climate in shaping the future. Instead, he advocates for a more holistic approach that acknowledges the complexities and indeterminancies of social, political, and ecological systems. Through this lens of epistemic pluralism, he will argue that multiple forms of knowledge, inquiry and judgement can help liberal democracies better address the intertwined challenges of climate change, social justice, and political freedom.