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cover of episode The lost Marie Curies

The lost Marie Curies

2025/3/27
logo of podcast LSE: Public lectures and events

LSE: Public lectures and events

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Nava Ashrafa
X
Xavier Jaravel
Topics
Nava Ashrafa: 当前创新日益被一小部分不具有代表性的精英企业家垄断。为了同时提高创新潜力和减少不平等,我们需要让所有人,特别是女性和弱势群体参与到创新过程中,从技术的创造到广泛传播。 Xavier Jaravel: 寻找那些被忽视的、具有创新潜力的杰出人才至关重要,这不仅能促进经济增长,还能减少机会和结果方面的不平等。我的研究表明,存在大量未被充分利用的人才,他们渴望参与创新领域,这包括科学、创业、发明、创新以及创新技术的采用和传播。通过一些政策干预,例如树立榜样,我们可以迅速且显著地改变现状。通过宏观经济模型,我们可以看到,如果消除对女性等弱势群体的障碍,可以大幅提高创新率和经济增长率。消除创新领域的壁垒,不仅可以提高创新率,还可以改变创新类型,并惠及更多不同背景的人。大规模实施树立榜样等政策,可以有效提高创新率,降低不平等。提高创新率和减少不平等并非相互矛盾,关键在于采取什么样的创新政策。教育政策可以促进创新和减少不平等,因为受教育程度更高的劳动力能够更快地采用技术,提高生产力。在创新和不平等方面,我们应该关注消费者如何从创新中受益,而不是仅仅关注劳动力市场的影响。自动化等技术进步可能不会导致大规模失业,反而可能扩大市场规模,增加就业机会。我们需要让社会各界参与到创新政策的设计中。

Deep Dive

Chapters
This chapter explores the connection between innovation and inequality, arguing that addressing the underrepresentation of women and underprivileged groups in innovation can lead to both increased innovation and reduced inequality. The author introduces the concept of "lost Marie Curies" and outlines the evidence supporting this claim.
  • Innovation is increasingly monopolized by a small entrepreneurial elite.
  • Involving everyone, especially women and underprivileged backgrounds, in the innovation process is urgent.
  • Finding the "lost Marie Curies" can simultaneously increase innovation and reduce inequality.

Shownotes Transcript

Contributor(s): Professor Xavier Jaravel | Innovation is increasingly monopolised by a small entrepreneurial elite that is not representative of the population at all. To simultaneously increase our innovation potential and reduce inequality, it is urgent to involve everyone, especially women and people of underprivileged backgrounds, in the innovation process, from the creation of technologies to their widespread dissemination. What do we know and what should we do to find the “Lost Marie Curies” and “Lost Einsteins” and give them their chance? Join us for Xavier Jaravel's inaugural lecture to find out the answers to these questions.