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cover of episode State Lawsuits Quickly Follow Trump’s Day One Immigration Orders

State Lawsuits Quickly Follow Trump’s Day One Immigration Orders

2025/1/22
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KQED's Forum

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People
A
Alexis Madrigal
D
Deep Gulasekaram
M
Molly O'Toole
R
Rafael Carranza
S
Salvador Rivera
T
Tyche Hendricks
Topics
Alexis Madrigal: 我认为特朗普政府改变美国移民基本原则的举动是对我们社区结构的攻击。 特朗普上任第一天就发布了一项令人震惊的历史性行政命令,旨在终止长期以来赋予在美国出生的人美国公民身份的做法。 Molly O'Toole: 特朗普的行政命令延续了他2017年就职典礼和早期行政命令中的一些主题,描绘了一幅黑暗的国家景象,认为国家正面临移民的“入侵”。 特朗普第一任期在移民问题上的承诺与实际行动存在巨大差距,例如“建墙”的承诺并未完全实现。 目前没有确凿的证据表明有多少人仅仅为了在美国生孩子而以旅游签证进入美国。寻求政治庇护的家庭并不构成安全威胁,对边境问题的担忧更多的是人道主义关切而非安全关切。特朗普政府成功地将移民问题讨论的重点从合法移民与非法移民的区分转移到了对所有移民的反对。媒体的职责是追究白宫官员的责任,衡量他们的行为是否符合法律和竞选承诺。 Deep Gulasekaram: 出生公民权在美国宪法第十四修正案中得到确认,其主要目的是推翻1857年的《德雷德·斯科特诉桑福德案》的判决。特朗普试图终止出生公民权的行政命令,其法律依据是第十四修正案中“受其管辖”这一条款的狭隘解释,这是一种边缘化的法律理论。没有证据表明人们来美国仅仅是为了生孩子,他们来美国的原因多种多样,包括逃离暴力、失败的国家和极度贫困。仅仅因为不喜欢现有的宪法规定,并不意味着可以通过行政命令来改变宪法的规定。针对终止出生公民权的行政命令,已经有多个州和城市提起诉讼,案件可能最终上诉至最高法院。终止出生公民权的行政命令虽然表面上是前瞻性的,但其法律逻辑可能允许追溯性应用,这引发了对现有公民身份的担忧。联邦政府无权命令州和地方政府配合执行联邦移民法,司法部的命令可能无法成功。 Rafael Carranza: 亚利桑那州对特朗普的移民政策反应不一,移民倡导者担心新政策会增加危险的边境穿越,而特朗普的支持者则欢迎这些限制。 Salvador Rivera: 圣迭戈地区的边境过境人数自2024年6月以来大幅下降。取消“留在墨西哥”政策可能会导致更多人非法进入美国寻求政治庇护,从而使边境局势恶化。 Tyche Hendricks: 加州对特朗普的移民政策的抵制依然强烈,州检察长已提起诉讼,各地的移民倡导组织也在积极行动。加州州长计划增加州检察长办公室的资源,以应对特朗普政府可能采取的法律行动。

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Shownotes Transcript

On his first day in office Donald Trump issued a slew of executive orders to address what he called “an unprecedented flood” of immigration. Terminating birthright citizenship, a right enshrined in the Constitution, declaring a national emergency at the border and seeking funds to build a border wall are just some of Trump’s directives. Many of his orders faced immediate opposition: as of Tuesday, 18 states and two cities had filed lawsuits attacking the legality of the birthright citizenship order. We talk about Trump’s early moves on immigration and how they are impacting immigrants and their families.

Guests:

**Salvador Rivera, **correspondent based in San Diego, BorderReport.com

**Deep Gulasekaram, **professor of law and director of Byron White Center for the Study of Constitutional Law, University of Colorado Boulder Law School. He teaches constitutional and immigration law. He is co-author of the leading immigration law textbook used in U.S. law schools.

**Molly O'Toole, **fellow, Wilson Center; Pulitzer Prize-winning reporter currently working on a book on immigration for Penguin Random House[[formerly covered migration and security for the Los Angeles Times]]

**Rafael Carranza, **reporter, Arizona Luminaria, a nonprofit news organization covering Arizona; Carranza covers immigration issues. He previously reported for the Arizona Republic and the USA Today Network.

**Tyche Hendricks, **senior editor covering immigration, KQED