We're sunsetting PodQuest on 2025-07-28. Thank you for your support!
Export Podcast Subscriptions
People
P
Peter Sokolowski
Topics
Peter Sokolowski: 我今天要介绍的词是"夸克",它在物理学中指的是构成物质的几种极小粒子之一。希格斯场是一个特殊的量子场,它的默认值可以改变,并且控制着许多基本粒子的质量,例如电子和夸克。如果希格斯场的数值为零,这些粒子将没有质量。 "夸克"这个词是由美国物理学家默里·盖尔曼在20世纪60年代早期提出的,用来指代他所提出的比质子或中子更小的基本粒子。他最初使用过类似"吱吱叫"和"嘎嘎叫"之类的词来形容这些奇特的物体,后来在阅读了詹姆斯·乔伊斯的小说《芬尼根的觉醒》中的一句话后,他最终确定了"夸克"这个词的拼写。乔伊斯小说中的一句话是:"三个夸克用于集合标记,当然他并没有多少叫声,当然任何他有的叫声,都与标记无关。"这个名字沿用至今,被物理学家们广泛使用。

Deep Dive

Shownotes Transcript

Translations:
中文

It's the Word of the Day podcast for March 11th. Weight loss. It needs to be fast and sustainable. Noom GLP-1 starts at just $149 and ships to your door in seven days. Take it from Lauren, who lost 22 pounds on Noom. If I come off of the GLP-1, it's not going to automatically make my weight yo-yo back.

$149 GLP-1s? Now that's Noom smart. Get started at Noom.com. Real Noom users are compensated to provide their story. Individual results may vary. Not all customers will medically qualify for prescription medications. Compounded medications are not reviewed by the FDA for safety, efficacy, or quality.

Today's word is quark, spelled Q-U-A-R-K. Quark is a noun. It's a word used in physics to refer to any one of several types of very small particles that make up matter. Here's the word used in a sentence from Wired by Matt von Hippel. One quantum field is special because its default value can change. Called the Higgs field, it controls the mass of many fundamental particles like electrons and quarks.

Unlike every other quantum field physicists have discovered, the Higgs field has a default value above zero. Dialing the Higgs field value up or down would increase or decrease the mass of electrons and other particles. If the setting of the Higgs field were zero, those particles would be massless. If you were a physics major, chances are that James Joyce didn't make it onto your syllabus.

While literature majors are likely more familiar with his work, Joyce has a surprising tie to physics. In the early 1960s, American physicist Murray Gell-Mann came up with the word quark, which he used to refer to his concept of an elementary particle smaller than a proton or neutron. By his own account, he was in the habit of using names like squeak and squark for peculiar objects.

He later settled on the spelling with an A after reading a line from Joyce's Finnegan's Wake, three quarks for muster mark, sure he has not got much of a bark, and sure any he has, it's all beside the mark. The name stuck and has been used by physicists ever since. With your word of the day, I'm Peter Sokolowski. Visit merriam-webster.com today for definitions, wordplay, and trending word lookups.