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cover of episode At the Money: Chicago Fed President Austan Goolsbee on Tariffs, Supply Chains and Inflation

At the Money: Chicago Fed President Austan Goolsbee on Tariffs, Supply Chains and Inflation

2025/3/5
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Masters in Business

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People
A
Austan Goolsbee
B
Barry Ritholtz
知名投资策略师和媒体人物,现任里特尔茨财富管理公司董事长和首席投资官。
Topics
Barry Ritholtz: 本期节目讨论了通货膨胀问题,并邀请了芝加哥联邦储备银行行长奥斯汀·古尔斯比(Austan Goolsbee)进行分析,探讨投资者应该如何看待通货膨胀以及它对投资组合的影响。 Austan Goolsbee: 我认为2023年是成功的,通货膨胀大幅下降,没有出现衰退,失业率也保持在低位。这主要是因为供应链的修复和劳动力参与率的上升。但是,对中间商品征收关税可能会对供应链造成负面冲击,导致通货膨胀持续时间更长。 以往的经济衰退模型未能准确预测当前经济周期,因为之前的经济周期主要是需求驱动型,而当前周期则受到供应冲击的影响。美联储的信誉也发挥了重要作用。通货膨胀下降而未出现衰退的原因是:美联储的信誉、积极的供应冲击(劳动力参与率上升、供应链修复和生产率增长)以及非周期性因素。新冠疫情期间的经济衰退是非周期性因素导致的,这与以往的经济衰退不同。 我们应该关注长期通货膨胀趋势,而非短期波动;关注核心通货膨胀的构成部分(商品、服务和住房),其中住房通货膨胀最近有所下降,服务通货膨胀也接近疫情前水平。长期来看,商品通货膨胀往往是通缩的。住房供应不足是导致住房价格上涨的重要原因,这与监管和建筑业生产力低下有关。高利率对住房建设的影响是双重的,既影响需求,也影响建设。衡量住房通货膨胀应关注业主等值租金和租金,而非房屋销售价格;计算业主等值租金存在滞后性,这导致对通货膨胀的衡量存在偏差。 2%的通货膨胀目标(针对个人消费支出价格指数PCE)在锚定通货膨胀预期方面发挥了关键作用。通货膨胀预期是滞后指标,但在美联储缺乏信誉时,它会成为前瞻性指标。美联储应优先关注实体经济,而非财富效应。预计未来12到18个月内利率将大幅下降,除非出现加剧的贸易战等情况。作为一名“数据狗”,在不确定性较大的环境中,应收集尽可能多的数据,并进行深入分析。对经济、通货膨胀和货币政策的分析不应过于简单化,应关注数据背后的复杂性。 Barry Ritholtz: 本期节目讨论了通货膨胀问题,并邀请了芝加哥联邦储备银行行长奥斯汀·古尔斯比(Austan Goolsbee)进行分析,探讨投资者应该如何看待通货膨胀以及它对投资组合的影响。

Deep Dive

Chapters
This chapter explores the Federal Reserve's handling of disinflation, examining the unexpected absence of a recession despite significant inflation reduction and analyzing the factors contributing to this outcome. It also discusses the limitations of historical economic models in predicting this unique economic cycle.
  • Successful disinflation without recession in 2023.
  • Supply chain healing and increased labor force participation contributed to disinflation.
  • Historical models failed to account for supply shocks and the unique nature of the post-COVID economic cycle.

Shownotes Transcript

Tariffs are in effect raising fears of sparking a new round of inflation and hurting economic activity. Will they reduce the likelihood of the Fed cutting rates any time soon?

On this special episode, Barry Ritholtz speaks with Austan Goolsbee, President of the Chicago Federal Reserve. Goolsbee, a voting member of the FOMC, breaks down the impact of tariffs, the drivers of inflation, and what the FOMC is watching.  Each week, “At the Money” discusses an important topic in money management. From portfolio construction to taxes and cutting down on fees, join Barry Ritholtz to learn the best ways to put your money to work.

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