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cover of episode What's lost when we lose critical data?

What's lost when we lose critical data?

2025/5/9
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Marketplace Morning Report

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David Brancaccio
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Henry Epp
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Ron Lieber
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David Brancaccio: 我报道了美国联邦政府停止追踪超过十亿美元的灾难成本的新闻。这引发了人们对数据缺失及其对社会和经济影响的担忧。政府声称此举是为了适应不断变化的优先事项、法定任务和人员变动,但这实际上减少了我们了解气候变化经济影响的重要工具。 我们失去了一个能够追踪灾难经济成本随时间变化的工具,而巨额损失灾难正变得越来越频繁。虽然政府提到财富增长和人口增长在其中扮演角色,但气候变暖导致的昂贵灾难数量也在明显增加。这个数据库的价值在于其全面性和长期性,它整合了来自联邦、州政府机构和保险公司的数据,并进行了通货膨胀调整,可以追溯到1980年。失去这个工具削弱了我们对气候变化经济影响的理解。 此外,特朗普政府还削弱了政府在气候研究中的作用,包括解雇参与国会授权气候报告的科学家。这进一步加剧了我们对气候变化经济影响的理解能力的下降。 Henry Epp: 我关注的是美国联邦政府停止追踪最昂贵灾难成本的决定。这一举动意味着我们失去了一种重要的工具,它可以帮助公众了解风暴、洪水和干旱等事件的经济成本随时间的变化。 巨额损失灾难发生的频率越来越高,而政府停止追踪其成本,使得我们更难了解气候变化的经济影响。虽然政府声称此举是为了适应不断变化的优先事项、法定任务和人员变动,但这并不能掩盖数据缺失所带来的负面影响。 这个数据库的价值在于其全面性和长期性,它整合了来自联邦、州政府机构和保险公司的数据,并进行了通货膨胀调整,可以追溯到1980年。气候专家认为,失去这个工具削弱了我们对气候变化经济影响的理解。 此外,这只是特朗普政府削弱政府在气候研究中作用的一个例子。 Ron Lieber: 我研究了大学如何利用数据分析来确定对学生的收费。这已经成为一个数据游戏,大学试图收集尽可能多的学生信息,包括学生自己提供的信息和购买的信息。 大学利用算法来预测学生的入学可能性和持续就读的可能性,从而决定录取价格。这些算法考虑了学生的SAT/ACT成绩、邮编(作为收入的指标)、高中信息以及学生过往的表现等因素。 大学和咨询公司利用这些数据来制定录取价格,这可能会导致不公平的结果。学生不应该仅仅接受大学的第一份录取通知书,而应该主动与学校沟通,争取更优惠的价格。 一些国会议员已经致信常春藤盟校,要求他们提供决定学生学费的数据,以调查是否存在反垄断行为。这反映了特朗普政府对精英机构施加的更大压力。

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Does it count if you don't count it? The Trump administration moves to stop tallying the costs when tornadoes, hurricanes, floods, fires and earthquakes strike. I'm David Brancaccio in Los Angeles. The federal government will no longer track the cost of the most expensive disasters in the country. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration will stop adding dollar damage tallies to its database of events that cause over a billion dollars in damage. Marketplace's Henry Epp is here with more.

The administration says it's retiring the database to align with, quote, evolving priorities, statutory mandates and staffing changes. What will be lost is a tool that gives the public an idea of the costs of events like storms, floods and droughts over time. And there's a clear trend here. Billion dollar disasters are happening more frequently. The NOAA counted 27 of these events last year. That's second only to the year before.

The administration notes that wealth gains and population growth in more vulnerable parts of the country are part of that equation. But the number of expensive disasters is also clearly increasing as the climate warms. But now we'll no longer have that tally to reference. Now, when I cover these terrible stories, I often turn to private sector data, for instance, calculations of insured versus non-insured losses. What did this government data do for us?

Several climate experts quoted in media reports about this move say that this particular database is valuable because of how comprehensive it is. It relies on data from federal and state agencies, as well as private data from insurance companies. And it's been kept up for years. It has inflation-adjusted metrics that go back to 1980. And as global warming continues to impact our economy, climate experts argue that having one less tool like this weakens our understanding of that impact.

And this is also part of a larger trend in the Trump administration. It's weakened the government's role in climate research. And that includes the dismissal last week of scientists who were working on a climate report that's mandated by Congress. All right. Marketplace is Henry up. Thank you.

Tourists from other countries are avoiding the United States amid the trade war and stricter U.S. border controls. Stock in the travel company Expedia closed down more than 9 percent yesterday after its quarterly sales were less than expected. Weaker demands, says the company. And there's separate news that New York City officials have cut their forecast for visitors there by 17 percent, perhaps 12 million tourists this year, down from a previous forecast of 14.6 million.

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The crucial emails came in typically last week, and now's the season for the college-bound to pick which one and which institutions of higher learning their family can afford. In many cases, there is an invisible hand playing a key role in this turning point in life. New York Times columnist Ron Lieber has been looking into this, and he joins us now. Ron, welcome.

Thanks for having me. It's like, I don't know, airline seats. When you go to college, the person next to you may be paying more or paying less. You found, Ron, that...

Many campuses get outside help from for-profit companies to figure out what to charge your kid? That's correct, David. This has become a data game, as it is in many other industries, for-profit or not. Basically, they're trying to suck as much information as they can in, whether it's information you tell them or information that they buy.

say, after you take the SAT or the ACT and you fill out a bunch of information on those forms before you take the test. I see. Things like, I mean, they really want to know if you're going to come, if they offer you the right baggage. That's probably the key thing. Right. That's the thing that they're ultimately trying to guess, right? They're cross-tabulating your zip code, which is a pretty good indication of your income, with your high school and the history of people coming

coming to a college and staying at the college for four years. From that school, they're looking at your grades to see the likelihood that you'll persist or flunk out or not. And then they're checking it against, you know, have you shown up on campus? How much interest have you demonstrated? And the machines, the algorithms that these consultants rent to the colleges, you know, sort of suck all of that in, do a bunch of computations, and then essentially tell the college what offer to make and at what price.

And parents and students would love to know more about whether it's fair. I mean, we would define that in different ways, but you don't want to think that the fix is in for someone else. And if you get the thin envelope in which the college says, no, thank you, you often will feel you were treated unfairly. Yeah. So as ever, David, I just want people to know what they are up against. And I think it's only fair to pull back the curtains,

and explain to readers and listeners what's happening and how these consulting firms and their clients talk about teenagers when they think that people like me and you and parents are not listening. And, you know, one of the morals of the story is that the first offer may not necessarily be

the best offer. Some computer somewhere is guessing and making some assumptions about you, and it's on you to go back to the school and say, actually, you got it wrong. Well, that's a profoundly important tip that you're offering there, right? You're saying that you don't just have to take what's in that envelope? Nope. So, you know, you have to be, you know, careful about it and polite and

You know, if you're sitting on a handful of offers from schools that are roughly similar and you've got one that's your first choice, but the net price for that one is higher than the others, it's worthwhile to go to the school and say, hey, did we do something wrong here? Because these other schools that you compete with are offering a little bit less. And

I or my kid has actually done a lot of really cool stuff, you know, since they applied several months ago. Let me tell you about it. And is there a way we could, you know, come to a different conclusion here? Ron Lieber writes the Your Money column for The New York Times. He's also author of the book The Price You Pay for College. Ron, always good to catch up. It's a pleasure and a privilege. Thank you, David. His New York Times piece was labeled Colleges Know How Much You're Willing to Pay. Here's How.

Some Republicans in Congress have sent letters to Ivy League schools asking for the data behind how they decide what students should pay at face value. There's interest in seeing if there is antitrust level collusion going on and who gets chosen for the freshman class. But this is also seen as part of the Trump administration's more general pressure on elite institutions, universities included.

Our digital producer is Dylan Mietten and our engineers are Brian Allison and Jay Sebold in Los Angeles. I'm David Brancaccio. It's the Marketplace Morning Report from APM American Public Media.

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