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cover of episode Business Book of the Year: Author Parmy Olson on the rise and risks of AI

Business Book of the Year: Author Parmy Olson on the rise and risks of AI

2025/1/1
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Behind the Money

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Parmy Olson: 我写这本书是为了揭示科技和AI领域权力的高度集中以及由此带来的风险。ChatGPT的出现让我意识到,除了技术本身,更重要的是幕后权力之争。Demis Hassabis和Sam Altman两位AI领军人物,他们最初的理想是利用AI解决社会问题,但在与大型科技公司合作后,这种理想逐渐淡化。这凸显了大型科技公司缺乏监管的问题,它们规模庞大,几乎不受约束。即使是这些创始人,也曾试图建立治理结构,但最终都失败了。因此,我们需要对AI进行适当的监管,尤其是在它越来越被少数公司和个人控制的情况下。 我探索了AI的各种风险,这些风险渗透到生活的方方面面,包括教育、医疗和文化。其中一个主要风险是AI对批判性思维能力的削弱。如果新一代人依赖AI完成作业,并在工作中继续依赖AI进行思考,那么他们的职业发展和领导能力将会受到影响。 此外,大型科技公司对AI算法的设计和安全性方面存在不足。虽然他们能够有效地防止模型产生有害内容,但在公平性和消除偏见方面做得不够。AI模型的安全性也令人担忧。因此,我们需要加强监管,要求这些公司进行审计,提高透明度,并设置安全保障措施。 OpenAI日益商业化以及AI初创公司被大型科技公司收购,进一步加剧了这种担忧。马斯克的AI公司XAI及其大型语言模型Grok的快速发展,也对AI领域的竞争格局产生了影响。科技巨头们对AI的担忧与他们追求构建最强大AI的行动之间存在矛盾,这体现了某种傲慢。 虽然欧盟的AI相关法律法规为AI的乐观发展提供了理由,但这些法律法规的实施还需要时间。AI的商业模式,特别是广告模式,也可能导致用户过度使用和成瘾。我们需要平衡AI的积极应用和潜在风险,未来三到五年内对AI对就业市场的影响进行观察至关重要。 我个人将AI主要用于个人事务,例如寻找食谱和信息,而不是写作。AI在搜索引擎领域的应用也值得关注,它可能对谷歌等公司的商业模式构成威胁。如果AI在100年后撰写人类历史,其视角和偏见可能与今天人类撰写历史有所不同,这取决于未来社会的发展。

Deep Dive

Chapters
This chapter explores the concentration of power in AI, focusing on the roles of Demis Hassabis (DeepMind) and Sam Altman (OpenAI). It highlights the initial utopian goals of these founders and their subsequent struggles to implement effective governance within large tech companies, ultimately emphasizing the need for AI regulation.
  • Concentration of power in AI technology.
  • The roles of Demis Hassabis and Sam Altman.
  • Failed attempts at governance and regulation.
  • Need for proper regulation of AI.

Shownotes Transcript

In early December, the Financial Times and Schroders selected the 2024 winner of the Best Business Book of the Year. That book is called Supremacy: AI, ChatGPT and the race that will change the world, and it’s written by tech journalist Parmy Olson. In this special episode of Behind the Money, the FT’s senior business writer Andrew Hill interviews Parmy Olson about her book and the importance of oversight as artificial intelligence becomes more intertwined with our work and society. 

For further reading:

Winner Parmy Olson on AI: ‘It’s not uncontrollable’)

FT and Schroders Business Book of the Year 2024 — the shortlist)

Business Book of the Year Award 2024: winners pick their favourites)

Read a transcript of this episode on FT.com) Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy) for more information.