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cover of episode Procrastination Expert: How To Get Over The Procrastination Trap - Professor Fuschia M. Sirois

Procrastination Expert: How To Get Over The Procrastination Trap - Professor Fuschia M. Sirois

2023/8/23
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Deep Dive with Ali Abdaal

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Ali Abdaal:拖延症并非时间管理问题或懒惰,而是存在有害后果的情绪问题。拖延症会让人感到羞愧,难以寻求帮助。 Fuschia Sirois:拖延症是一种特殊的延迟,是非必要的、自愿的,且明知会有负面后果。拖延症总是涉及到对重要任务的故意延迟,即使知道会有负面后果。根据定义,不存在好的拖延症,因为拖延症总是伴随着有害的后果。拖延症会降低生产力、影响成绩,并可能导致学术不端行为。拖延症会对身心健康产生负面影响,这通常被忽视。长期拖延症会导致更高的患病率,例如感冒、失眠和肌肉紧张等。拖延症与焦虑和抑郁之间存在双向因果关系。研究表明,压力是解释拖延症与健康问题之间联系的最强路径。可以通过自评量表评估个体的拖延症程度,例如关注“经常推迟事情”的频率。长期拖延症与低责任心和高神经质性相关,但主要与计划能力差有关,而非整体的责任心不足。拖延症是一种时间情绪调节问题,优先考虑短期情绪调节而非长期目标。拖延症源于对令人不快或困难任务的回避,即使任务本身并不困难。拖延症的核心是优先管理短期情绪而非实现长期目标。大部分学生偶尔会拖延,而一半学生会长期拖延。在成人中,拖延症的发生率在15%到25%之间,并受文化影响。德国对拖延症的容忍度较低,而南美一些国家则较高。拖延症并非时间管理问题,而是情绪问题。拖延症的根源在于对任务相关的不良情绪的回避。赋予任务意义可以降低拖延的可能性。背景压力会加剧拖延症。拖延症并非性格缺陷,而是人之常情。自律与意志力不同,自律是坚持既定习惯,而意志力难以定义和衡量。自控力有助于应对拖延症中的负面情绪。冲动性会加剧拖延症,但并非其根本原因。我们可以将情绪视为克服拖延的障碍。自控力水平决定能否克服拖延障碍,而情绪调节能力则决定障碍高度。我们有时会因为预期的负面情绪而拖延,而非当前的情绪。我们往往高估了负面情绪的强度和持续时间。疲劳会增加拖延的可能性,但这与一天中的时间无关,而是取决于个人的精力水平。“先吃掉青蛙”的方法并非对所有人都有效。克服拖延的有效策略包括:明确任务、分解任务、自我同情和自我宽恕。自我同情可以帮助克服拖延症,因为它不会助长自我放纵。自我宽恕可以降低与任务相关的负面情绪,从而减少拖延。将具有挑战性的目标分解成更容易管理的小目标可以降低压力。我们更容易拖延那些我们无法控制的目标。环境会影响拖延行为,减少干扰可以帮助克服拖延。积极的自我暗示可能会有帮助,但需要针对具体的负面情绪。

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Procrastination is defined as unnecessary and voluntary delay of an intended task despite knowing it will have negative consequences. It is not simply a time management issue but involves emotions and self-regulation.

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 Picture this: you're sitting at your desk, ready to conquer that important task that you’ve been meaning to get around. But somehow you find ourself falling into the rabbit hole of Youtube videos or with a sudden urge to clean your house. Yep, we’ve all been caught by that monster of procrastination.Although procrastination is such a common problem, we still have lots of misperceptions about it. We tend to think that procrastination is a time-management issue. But - as we’ll learn in today’s episode - procrastination is actually a little more complex.By understanding the psychology nature of what procrastination is and why we procrastinate, we might be in a better place to reduce or even overcome procrastination.My guest today is Dr. Fuschia Sirois, professor of psychology at Durham University. Before she came to the UK, Fuschia was a Canada Research Chair and the Co-ordinator of the multidisciplinary Psychological Health and Well-being Research cluster at Bishop’s University (2010-2015).Dr Fuschia's interest stretch from self-regulation — exploring how we manage our thoughts, emotions, and behaviors — to their impact on our health and wellbeing.Above all, Dr Fuschia is probably most well-known for her work on procrastination. Her recent book explores what procrastination is, why we procrastinate, and what we can do about it.What I really admire about about Fuschia is that she believes in the power of psychological science as a tool to improve lives, and she has an uncanny ability to communicate these complex ideas in a way that is both engaging and easily comprehensible. Her work's been features in many news outlets including The Washington Post, The New York Times, and the BBC.I hope you enjoy the conversation!

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