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cover of episode Beliefism: how to stop hating the people we disagree with

Beliefism: how to stop hating the people we disagree with

2025/6/11
logo of podcast LSE: Public lectures and events

LSE: Public lectures and events
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Charles Stafford
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Paul Dolan
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Paul Dolan: 我认为，在一个运转良好的社会中，人们不仅应该容忍差异，还应该庆祝差异。我们应该更加乐于倾听不同意见，而不是试图改变他人的想法。Beliefism指的是，我们根据有限的信息就对一个人的整体性格进行判断，这是一种有害的偏见。我们需要设计我们的组织和制度，使我们更容易减少这种偏见。在疫情期间，我亲眼目睹了学术界中存在的群体思维现象，这促使我写了这本书。为了减少Beliefism，我们需要设计我们的组织和制度，使我们更容易倾听不同意见。我提出了一个名为Embrace的框架，它包含七个方面，可以帮助我们更好地与不同意见的人沟通，做出更明智的决定。 在面对气候变化等紧迫问题时，我们不能仅仅依靠宽容，我们需要采取行动。我们需要在那些对问题有不同看法的专家之间建立对抗性合作，而不是试图压制不同的声音。 在家庭和人际关系中，我们需要关注相似之处，而不是差异。我们需要学会控制自己的情绪，避免在情绪激动时进行争论。幽默和适时的回避都是有效的策略。 我们需要认识到，信念会转化为行动，这些行动可能会对他人造成伤害。我们需要在做出判断时，基于可靠的证据，而不是假设。 Charles Stafford: 我认为，在LSE，我们对这些影响所有大学的问题的立场并不差，因为考虑到LSE作为一个机构的惊人多样性，人们来自不同的国家，不同的信仰体系等等，我认为我们实际上做得很好。但是，我们也面临着挑战，例如自我审查。自我审查是一个复杂的问题，它可能源于对冲突的恐惧，也可能源于对倾听他人意见的渴望。我们需要在招聘和晋升过程中更加明确地说明，我们不会因为人们的信仰而歧视他们。我们需要在大学中创造一个环境，让人们能够自由地表达自己的观点，而不会害怕受到攻击。我们需要在大学中创造一个环境，让人们能够自由地表达自己的观点，而不会害怕受到攻击。

Deep Dive

Chapters
This chapter explores beliefism through a hypothetical scenario: choosing a plumber. The audience is asked whether they would choose a cheaper plumber with different political views or a more expensive one with similar views. The results show a preference for the cheaper plumber initially, but this changes when additional information about the cheaper plumber is revealed. This illustrates how easily people make assumptions about others based on limited information.
  • People are more likely to choose a service provider with similar views, even if more expensive.
  • Beliefism leads to decisions based on assumptions rather than facts.
  • Beliefism is prevalent in real-world behavior, not just academic exercises.

Shownotes Transcript

Contributor(s): Professor Paul Dolan | Join us for this talk by LSE's Paul Dolan in which he will talk about his new book, Beliefism. Do you avoid people who are strongly against immigration? Or strongly for trans rights? Against abortion? For drug legalisation? We might like to think that we're tolerant, but many of us struggle to engage with people whose opinions differ strongly from our own-even if they might have something useful to contribute to the debate. That means we're falling victim to what behavioural scientist Paul Dolan defines as Beliefism: discrimination against those with different beliefs to us. Drawing on the evidence from across the social sciences, Dolan shows how easy it is for us to divide ourselves into opposing camps - and how harmful that can be.This recording contains strong language.